Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology

German Capitalization of Nouns and the Detection of Letters in Continuous Text

A comparison of the results of Experiments 1 and 2 showed that error rates for the definite articles in the distorted text passages were clearly higher in Experiment 2 (17.6%) than in Experiment 1 (4.7%). In an Experiment (1 vs. 2) x Word Class (noun vs. article) x Text Type (normal vs. distorted) ANOVA, the between-subject factor of Experiment was not significant, F < 1. The main effects of both Word Class, F(1, 56) = 50.81, MSE = 245.49, p < .001, and Text Type, F(1, 56) = 13.51, MSE ...

Reasoning About Conjunctive Probabilistic Concepts in Childhood

As well as providing a context in which children (and adults) could demonstrate reasoning competence, the present study also tested children under conditions that usually elicit reasoning errors. Previous research with adults has shown that when comparing the probabilities of a component Event B and a conjunctive event (A & B), conjunction errors occur more frequently when A is a likely event and B is an unlikely one (Yates & Carlson, 1986). A number of explanations have been put forw...

Trade-Offs in Detecting Letters and Comprehending Text

Thus, comparisons across conditions allow us to identify the trade-offs between passage comprehension, detection accuracy, and reading rate. If reading processes are in fact disrupted by the secondary letter detection task, then the time to read the passage and accuracy on the comprehension test should suffer when concurrent letter detection is required. In addition, if the requirement to use a mouse to detect the letters is difficult for the participants, then they should perform slowly even...

Effets de Distribution Du Voisinage Orthographique Et d'Amorçage Par Répétition Masqué

Le paradigme d'amorçage masqué est souvent utilisé pour préciser comment les voisins influencent la reconnaissance d'un mot. Cette technique consiste à présenter un stimulus amorce avant le stimulus cible à traiter. L'amorce masquée est exposée brièvement de façon à ce que les effets observés ne résultent pas d'une appréciation consciente de la nature de la relation entre l'amorce et la cible, mais reflètent la mise en oeuvre de processus lexicaux automatiques (Forster & Davis, 1984). Seg...

Jugement de l'Authenticité Des Sourires Et Détection Des Indices Faciaux

Résumé Le sourire est l'une des expressions émotionnelles les plus souvent émises au cours des interactions sociales. Il peut être authentique, c'est-à-dire être associé à un état émotionnel de joie chez la personne qui l'émet, mais il peut aussi être faux, c'est-à-dire produit volontairement en l'absence de cet état émotionnel afin de tromper une ou plusieurs autres personnes (Ekman, 1993). Bien que le faux sourire ressemble beaucoup au sourire authentique, il n'en constitue généralement pas...

Making Sense of Memory

Working squarely within the attribution camp, Jacoby and Whitehouse (1989) demonstrated that processing fluency (speed of processing) and its subsequent attribution to a particular source depend upon the availability of potential sources to explain that fluency (see also Higham & Vokey, 2000). Subjects studied words for a standard recognition task. Later, words were presented after repetition or nonrepetition context (prime) words (e.g., "duck - duck" vs. "ring - duck"). Repetition primed...

Short Reports - Communications Brèves

Eye Movements and Phonological Parafoveal Preview: Effects of Reading Skill

Eye movements of skilled and less skilled readers were monitored as they read sentences containing a target word. The boundary paradigm was used such that when their eyes crossed an invisible boundary location, a preview word changed to the target word. The preview could either be identical to the target word (beach as a preview for beach), a homophone of the target word (beech as a preview for beach), an orthographic control (bench as a preview for beach), or an unrelated consonant string (j...