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... competence which is found in a treaty. Second, the E.U. is subject to the principle of s...
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One of the key barriers public authorities face when implementing SPP is how to include environmental criteria into the tendering process. Therefore Procura^sup +^ is based around assisting public authorities to apply a set of ready prepared and easy-to-use sustainable criteria for six high-priority product groups - electricity, buses building construction and renovation, IT equipment, food, cleaning products and services. The criteria have been designed to be legally compliant and straightforward for any procurer to apply and verify, requiring minimum time and effort and not leading to a significant increase in costs.4
Much of the Procura^sup +^ work has been undertaken in Europe and is based on regulations in Europe. Accordingly, the focus of this article is generally restricted to in...
... the principles of the European Commission Treaty during their procurement no matter what size of co...
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... had infringed Article 82 of the EC Treaty by abusing its dominant market position. Microsoft...
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... our copyright law with international treaty principles, and it diminishes privacy concerns. It...
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...Amendments to the Pacific Salmon Treaty in 2009 reduced catch limits on Upper Columbia Chi...
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... is the incorporation in the Maastricht treaty of an article specifically designed for the joint ...
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...dominance—Article 82 of the EC Treaty. This reference to. the ECJ resulted in its judgme...
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... involves revisions to the Canada-US tax treaty--including the abolition of crossborder withholdin...
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The debate between critics and defenders of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) has drawn attention to the GATS, prompted greater government efforts at consultation, challenged the democratic legitimacy of the WTO, and led to an exploration of possible interpretations of the GATS clauses that could impact on health and social policy. This article argues that defenders of the GATS are probably correct in their legal interpretations of the key protections of policy autonomy contained in the Agreement, most notably the Article 1:3 "governmental authority" clause. That is not the whole story, however: maintaining the conditions of policy autonomy in the health care sector will prove increasingly difficult in a liberalized trading environment.
... relying on sectoral exemptions from trade treaty rules be expected to completely insulate Canadian ...
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... contrary to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty. Among other things, the Commission alleges that S...