In recognition of the growing importance of small business ownership by women to the economic well-being of national economies, considerable academic attention has been given to identifying the reasons why women enter self-employment. However, little is known about the motivations for women to become franchisors. This represents an important gap in the literature. While the absence of research may be due to early beliefs that women are risk averse individuals that tend to limit the growth of their enterprises, more recent studies conclude that women perceive small business ownership as a vehicle for rapid growth and wealth creation. On this basis, franchising should represent an appealing business expansion strategy as it minimizes capital, labor, and managerial limitations on firm grow...
.... Apart from the impact of personal and financial goals on organizational ... traditional male-image sectors such as technology and manufacturing, and are more likely to favor en... was adopted to gather in-depth information within a real-life context with the aim of buildin... Survival Rates," Small Business Economics 7(5): 377-88. Belcourt, M., Burke, R., & Lee-Goss...
...* publish information on utility performance; and . * enforce laws gover...Municipal utilities lack the managerial and financial skills--and incentives--to oversee e..., creating unnecessary environmental impacts, and unnecessarily raising operating costs. It has..., environmental services, and water technology. Toronto is also home to several water-oriented ve...Ross. 2004. "The Economics of Public-Private Partnerships." Canadian Public P...
... development of science and technology and facilitated by the reduction in the costs of c... people, goods, services, capital and information across state borders) Law, which always follows so...) Francks' legitimacy theory, Chayas' managerial theory and Koh's transnational process theory all ... in the rule of law and neo-classical economics. (36) Justice, as the empowerment and protection o... Fox-Decent have recently commented on the impact of international law on domestic law-making by not...
... requires a large amount of consumer information in order to deliver value (Nowak and Phelps 1997).... The widespread adoption of information technology (IT) has allowed firms to meet this need for consu... industrial society has had a definite impact on issues of privacy, participation, and surveilla... in Consumer Markets: A Comparison of Managerial and Consumer Attitudes about Information Privacy."...Posner, Richard. 1981. The Economics of Justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Pres...
Market expansion is a very important strategic option in the developing economies. Literature on marketing to the "bottom of the pyramid" and the "blue ocean" strategy has brought to the fore the issue of direct involvement of manufacturers or corporations in expanding markets. Though the "bottom of the pyramid" and the "blue ocean" strategy frameworks are important references for development of conceptual framework for market expansion, neither of these can be considered as a complete conceptualization in itself. The authors synthesize extant knowledge on the subject and provide a conceptual framework by looking into fundamental issues such as what is a market, what is market expansion, and what factors affect market expansion. Unlike in case of the "blue ocean" strategy framework, th...
... community access to ready information in their local language on the weather and market ... from substitutes is discussed in economics as well as in the strategy literature (e.g., Porte... financial viability can be a matter of managerial perception, especially if they are used to operati... that the studies which report the positive impact of competitor orientation on a company's profitabi...Guerraz. 2006. "Business Models for Technology in the Developing World: The Role of NGOs." Califo...
...No. 5024 (QL); Coalition of Citizens Impacted by the Caroline Shell Plant v. Alberta (Energy Uti... De Geest, eds., Encyclopedia of Law and Economics, vol. III, The Regulation of Contracts. Northampto... are typically natural monopolies: technology and demand are such that fixed costs are lower for..., the regulator limits the utility's managerial discretion over key decisions, including prices, s... for the obtaining of complete information as to the manner in which owners of gas utilities ...
Political risk analysis primarily receives attention for foreign direct investment (FDI) but only rarely for exporting. We examine how exporters and foreign direct investors evaluate the relative importance of political risk factors. We provide a rationale for exporters to evaluate political risk factors for FDI and for foreign direct investors to evaluate political risk factors for exporting. Survey data were collected from Canadian exporters and foreign direct investors and capture the distinctive nature of salient factors for exporting and FDI. We offer unique insights on the evolutionary character of political risk that are of practical value for both exporting and FDI.
... and strong economic growth have a positive impact on a country's risk rating (Cosset & Roy, 1991). D...Compiled by Industry Canada, the information in the database is based on voluntary disclosure b... and the remaining 49% came from the managerial level, mostly responsible for international busine... risk on the net flow of licensed technology. For instance, while expected profits from licensi... the framework of transaction cost economics seems to be a promising theoretical template.12. F...
... of information and knowledge and the economics of information. Developing a holistic approach to ... as advances in information technology create situations where the component areas become...." This answer is "misinformative."11 The impact of the federal policy is filtered out at the local... of jurisdiction and mandates, managerial imperatives and a general aversion to social theor...
... two sections: answers with regard to the impact and effectiveness of aid, and answers involving th... the aid monies are coming in and the managerial and technical support from aid donors is available...Sometimes it is because the economics are not supportive: subsidized fertilizer can help... wielded by a small group of elites; information is not shared with the populace or, even if it is,... Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, based on randomized trials to test differing appr...
... in which technological revolutions in information, communications, and biology are transforming nati.... New Theories of Technology and Economic Growth . Economists traditionally hav...Introductory economics textbooks tell the student that the state of techn... of profits, it reduces the scope for managerial slack and forces managers to innovate more often. ... have followed, even when the eventual impact is a level of GDP much higher than it would otherw...
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