The most common measures of risk have traditionally been based on quantitative financial and accounting information. However, new information on risk management disclosed in companies' annual reports is generally qualitative or linguistic. As such, exploitation by decision makers becomes difficult. In this study, a fuzzy analysis approach is applied to risk information disclosed by 217 firms listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange. The results provide some evidence that these fuzzy measures are reasonable proxies for traditional financial and accounting measures. They also show that fuzzy measures can predict a significant amount of systematic risk.
Although 19th century America offers a natural experiment in government accounting practices and voluminous original records still exist, a review of the literature on the period's state and local government accounting finds few secondary articles and almost no contemporary literature before 1875. After that, reformers, decrying the municipal accounting practices of their time, wrote profusely so that some secondary studies of that literature exist. The governmental financial records of the 1800s varied in quality from excellent to scandalous and would, if properly sampled and described, not only fill the gaps in our knowledge of 19th century government accounting and fiscal policy, but would also allow study of the causes and effects of many alternative measurement and reporting struct...
... their governments to publish financial reports. In 1819, for instance, the founding fathers of Al... and fraud detection, as opposed to management analysis, but he provides no evidence to support t...
... duties that may be necessary for the management and control of oil or gas production. NAMES AND DE...SUBMISSIONS, NOTIFICATIONS, RECORDS AND REPORTS. REFERENCE TO NAMES AND DESIGNATIONS. 73. When sub... shall use established production accounting procedures. ANNUAL PRODUCTION REPORT. 85. The oper...
A study examines accounting in a sugar refinery from 1900 to 1920 in two arenas of operation. The geography of accounting enabled the workers at Chelsea to have their working experience sequestered by the company. Accounting routinized their work at the refinery, enabling their labor to become monitored, empty of meaning, and, at times, overwhelming. The ideology of accounting provided the company with an instrument of evasion to silence the voice of labor and an instrument of self-deception designed to justify and insulate the authoritarian hierarchy of the company and the power of its Australian general manager, Edward Knox. Accounting became an ideology that sought to legitimate the exploitation of the workforce and the generous return to shareholders.
... 1880, when he was 35 years of age, the management of the business was passed to him. EK (chairman of.....up to the mark." Weekly production reports were sent from Chelsea to Sydney via the Auckland ...
... incurred because of reliance on audit reports -- Whether auditors owed individual investors a du...475-76, with respect to the accounting profession generally:. The increasing growth and c...
The paper outlines developments in the accounting history literature during the 1990s. The introduction chronicles the immense broadening of publication opportunities in accounting history that characterized the decade. To a certain extent, this enhancement of outlets resulted from a richer dialogue among accounting historians who became increasingly willing to debate paradigmatic and methodological issues. In this context, the paper identifies and discusses traditional and critical forms of accounting history and reviews work within the paradigms of economic-rationalist, Foucauldian, and Marxist/labor-process studies. The major elements of debate between old and new perspectives on accounting history are discussed and linked to later collaborative efforts and refinements in the work of...
... Institute for Advanced Studies in Management has conducted specialist conferences in accounting... by the Carnegie and Ford Foundation reports of the late 1950s and was perpetuated by a singula...
At the same time, it seems that many sophisticated white-collar fraudsters are repeat offenders who bear no personal shame and who seem to continually progress in organizational leadership roles, only to steal again. If you are like me, I've often wondered, "Why do people do this, why do they steal or commit fraud or engage in such unethical behaviour? How can they live with themselves? For the most part, according to Dr. [Charles D. Kerns, PhD], a professor at Pepperdine University in California, unethical leaders engage in "mental gymnastics." They don't have a sense of wisdom, personal self-control, or a sense of justice. Instead, they play mind games that support and sustain their self-serving, unethical behaviour. Some of these mind games include: It's unfortunate and disheartenin...
.... Witness the recent reports of the struggles between Conrad Black and Hollinge... behaviour, particularly at a senior management team? While there are many solutions, here are jus... any excuses for the lack of timely accounting and management reports. Heed any excuse as a red w...
This study investigates if and how the use of the retroactive method to account for a mandatory accounting change affects a firm's measurement and recognition choices. We examine if reporting incentives and constraints are associated with the magnitude of transitional goodwill impairment losses reported by Canadian firms implementing Section 3062 on purchased goodwill. Our results indicate firms have an incentive to both overstate and understate transitional goodwill impairment losses. We also show that financially literate and independent audit committees constrain managerial opportunism.
... it leaves considerable room for management interpretation, judgment, and bias both at the tim... to deal with noncomparable financial reports (Gujarathi & Hoskin, 1992; Hirst et al., 2004). SF...
... to answer basis questions dealing with accounting and bookkeeping. Assessed in this occupation, she ... and other financial analyses and management reports - Evaluate financial reporting syste...
Burchell et al's [1985] historical analysis of value added in the UK attributes its rise and fall to societal circumstances which initially encouraged the voluntary disclosure of the Value Added Statement (VAS) by companies and then, following societal change, influenced its disappearance. This paper supplements Burchell et al's thesis by arguing that a fuller explanation for the disappearance of the VAS can be found by also considering the contents of the statement itself. An empirical study of the information in the VASs of UK companies shows that they were unlikely to give support to the economic interests of the employee user group who had been promoted as an important beneficiary of the VAS. The study demonstrates that the social and economic nature of accounting means that change ...
... to attract the attention of corporate management, employees and trade unions, the accounting profes... considerable number of annual shareholder reports. However, the VA phenomenon in the UK proved to be...
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