The debate between critics and defenders of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) has drawn attention to the GATS, prompted greater government efforts at consultation, challenged the democratic legitimacy of the WTO, and led to an exploration of possible interpretations of the GATS clauses that could impact on health and social policy. This article argues that defenders of the GATS are probably correct in their legal interpretations of the key protections of policy autonomy contained in the Agreement, most notably the Article 1:3 "governmental authority" clause. That is not the whole story, however: maintaining the conditions of policy autonomy in the health care sector will prove increasingly difficult in a liberalized trading environment.
...'s income for the 2008 taxation year, clause 60(l)(v)(B.2) shall be read as follows:. (B.2) the... the arrangement as a TFSA under the Social Insurance Number of the individual with whom the a...
Canadian policy makers have repeatedly emphasized improving relations with Brazil as a strategic objective in the Americas. Given past failures to cooperate, this objective may be difficult to realize. We argue that one of the reasons for this unrealized relationship between Canada and Brazil within hemispheric institutions is different national approaches to the role and purpose of multilateralism. This argument is advanced through an analysis of national interpretations of each country's engagement with multilateralism, drawing on the local literatures. The paper concludes with a discussion of the prospects and limits of future multilateral cooperation between the two countries, drawing on examples from the Inter-American System.
... our discussion, because it points to the social construction of foreign policy that underlies both... such as itself, including "Calvo" clauses (the assertion of national sovereignty over foreig...
...La Clause d'habilitation et la consecration du traitement di... de Copenhague pour le developpement social (7), de la Troisieme Conference des Nations Unies ...
...That effect may be in relation to social, economic or political interests; and the legislat...[65] The Court is not bound by a purpose clause when considering the vires of a constitutional ena...
...Second, many BITs contain an "umbrella clause." Umbrella clauses generally require each contract...Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. (45) In this case, the Trib...
... by virtue of its most-favoured-nation clause, led to freer trade throughout Europe. The benefit..., from deep historical, political, or social roots. An example is the requirement to base food ...
Recently, intellectual property right has played an important role in the world. How can this right be protected properly and people get interests from it as much as possible? This has become a hot topic currently. As one of the agreement of WTO, the TRIPS is a good answer for that question. Its protection to intellectual property right reaches an unprecedented height. However executing it in China exist problems. This dissertation shows, why those problems come, by explaining the TRIPS Agreement and the Chinese IP law and analyses their provisions to find differences and similarities between them. After that, from those differences, defects of the Chinese IP law are concluded. Some advices are suggested for amending relative laws, which is very necessary for protecting IP right in Chin...
... the main principle of most-favoured-nation clause in the TRIPS Agreement, if China has given any adv...
... weekend with me, when I have eight or ten social activities over the weekend. I invite them to come... particular, ministers must be present for clause by clause consideration of their bills. . We also ...
... the pursuit of truth; ii) the fostering of social and political decision making; and, iii) the culti... speech or of the press." The due process clause of the fourteenth amendment extends this constitut...
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