Social cost

• A social insurance model for pharmacare: Ontario's options for a more sustainable, cost-effective drug program.

With annual spending of about $4.5 billion dollars in 2010, Canada's largest drug plan--the Ontario Drug Program (ODB)--will become harder to afford a...

• C.D. Howe Institute Commentary
• Nbr. 2011, January 2011

• Social Cost Of Carbon

How much should we spend reducing carbon emissions? What will the cost be if we don't? US federal lawmakers are required to consider the "social co...

• Mondaq Business Briefing
• Canada Law Articles in English

• Letter to Editor - Gambling&Amp;Quot;S Social Cost

Gambling is an addiction as much as any other. Anything that takes away basic necessities from our children will not be good for society as a whole. ...

• Brandon Sun, The
• August 22, 2009

• Present Position of China's Local Industrial Clusters(Lics) in the Global Value Chain(Gvc): Apparel and Textile Industry Case Study1/Position Presente Des Groupes Industriels Locaux (Gil) de La Chine Dans La Chaine de Valeur Globale (Cvg) : Etude de Cas de L'industrie de Vetement Et de Textile

In the globalization era, cost competitiveness alone will not be sufficient to guarantee further success. The China's LICs faced a serious challenge between the top-down (global) and bottom-up (local) governance pressures. In order to remain competitive, there is a need for LICs to upgrade their activities and move up along GVC, and shall constantly pursue enhancement and optimization of value chain and developing their capabilities. To help overcome the constraints on LICs, the need to develop new and more effective governance strategies and policies are high priority. This paper also shows how LICs can break out of the "lock-in" which results form working for a small powerful GVC's governors. It recognizes the GVC governance variance and opening up new opportunities for LIC.

• Canadian Social Science
• Vol. 3 Nbr. 3, May 2007

• Planned Bridge to Ruin Toboggan Hill?

At the edge of Wolseley, residents are mobilizing to protect a popular toboggan hill they say is threatened by two city proposals for a $1-million bicycle bridge over tree-lined [Omand]'s Creek Park. "(The toboggan hill) is part of our life here," said resident Laura MacDonald as she walked up the hill. "As soon as school's out, it's packed. The social cost of the way the park is currently used is too high," said Raglan Road resident Chris Roe, who said she is organizing "hundreds" of residents to speak out against the proposal. "We can do better. We have something beautiful here." Roe's son Cameron, 11, agreed. "I've been sliding on it since I was born," he said. "You make friends here. It's good for us not to be playing video games all day."

• Winnipeg Free Press
• March 11, 2010

• When the Five-Ring Circus Leaves Town

Even though she has "many As" in her freshman year at university, she doesn't have a scholarship. "There are too many others," she says, "who study harder. The real unfortunate thing is that... China will advance at all costs," he said. "There's really no concern for the human and social or mental cost behind the development. I think there's very little reflection in all that. I'm not saying there's none. "The corporations can say what they want (about human-rights concerns) on one hand -- and I'm sure they're sincere to a point," [Richard C. Powers] noted. "But they also recognize there's tremendous business opportunities there, and the Chinese people want their products. They want to experience North American fast food. They want the brand names to wear."

• Winnipeg Free Press
• August 27, 2009

• The Pace of Fertility Decline in Iran: Finding From the Demographic and Health Survey*

The fertility transition experiences of many countries in Asia have been very slow and stalling. Yet, Iranian fertility rates have shown signs of sharp decline. The recent censuses and surveys, both regional and national, all are consistent with a strong declining trend which started in the later part of 1980s and seem to be continuing into the new century. The Demographic and Health Survey of Iran shows below replacement level fertility for urban areas and a very low fertility level for rural areas. A trend analysis of fertility levels suggests an unprecedented pace of fertility transition for Iran. Following Casterline (2001) we attempt to theorize about the cause of fast paced fertility transition. We conclude that the strong emerging economic aspirations among all families in all cl...

...Some Iranian social and economic specialists believe that the strong d...It is true that by any measure the cost of living has increased astronomically in Iran. Co...

• Journal of Comparative Family Studies
• Vol. 38 Nbr. 2, April 2007

• Early Cost Accounting Practices and Private Ownership: The Silk Factory Company of Portugal, 1745-1747

This paper contributes to an understanding of the historical development of management accounting by presenting an example of cost accounting practice in Portugal in the first half of the 18th century. It explores the integration of cost and financial accounting systems within a double-entry accounting framework by the Silk Factory Company (SFC) between 1745 and 1747. The SFC's methods of product costing, pricing, inventory accounting, expense recognition, and production control are reviewed within the political, economic, and social context of Portugal at the time. The SFC is revealed to have used job-order product costing, with allocations of overhead costs, allowances for wastage and shrinkage, and elements of rudimentary standard costing. Our findings provide evidence of the existen...

• Accounting Historians Journal, The
• Vol. 34 Nbr. 1, June 2007

• A Law to Sterilize Repeat Fas Mothers?

Destroying yourself with alcohol is one thing. Destroying an innocent fetus by excessive use of alcohol is maternal madness. Yet every year alcohol-riddled babies are born in this country suffering from fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). FAS is the leading cause of mental retardation and birth defects in North America. In 1976, the Journal of the American Medical Association reported a study of 41 infants born with FAS, having both physical and mental defects. Since that time, studies show that nine in every 1,000 babies born in this country have some form of FAS. One in three will have the severe form with wide-set eyes, thin upper lips, low birth weight and small head circumference. According to the Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse, this country spends $4 billion annually on FAS children...

... binge drinking, can cause this medical and social disaster. Many pregnant women don't realize when t... to speculate on what this tragedy costs the child and society. According to the Canadian C...

• Winnipeg Free Press
• February 15, 2010

• The Impact of E-Information On Residential Real Estate Services: Transaction Costs, Social Embeddedness, and Market Conditions

This paper examines the possibility of disintermediation of residential real estate agents arising from increased customer access to property information on the Internet (e-information). The transaction cost viewpoint suggests that since customers now have ready access to e-information without an agent, customer-perceived value of agents and agent usage will decline. The social embeddedness perspective, by contrast, suggests that these changes are unlikely because the added value of agents goes beyond mere information aggregation and includes essential transaction activities that are embedded in social networks. A survey of buyers and sellers of real estate in Alberta provides partial support for the transaction cost viewpoint. However, buyers and sellers respond differently to market c...

• Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences
• Vol. 27 Nbr. 1, March 2010