This article focuses on rural girls' aspirations of becoming migrants in a setting where girls are subjected to social constraints curtailing their movements in the midst of an otherwise mobile society, where mothers and grandmothers frequently recall their experiences in Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire, and boys set off on their first migration in their mid- or late teens. However, the high level of mobility affects both intergenerational relations and the ways in which girls can justify their wish to migrate. Based on multi-sited ethnographic research between 2002 and 2008 in Burkina Faso and Côte d'Ivoire, the article explores the ways in which images of success and material wealth of (trans)national migrants feed into adolescent girls' imaginations of migration and its outcome. Furthermore,...
..., gain a bit of autonomy and explore the world and that they sometimes migrate with peers and sib..., many of them have had their own rice, groundnut and bean fields as part of being social... by saying that someone further down the market aisle has gestured that he/she wants to buy water ... only realise that migration comes at a price when they need to make a trade-off between meeting...
Political risk analysis primarily receives attention for foreign direct investment (FDI) but only rarely for exporting. We examine how exporters and foreign direct investors evaluate the relative importance of political risk factors. We provide a rationale for exporters to evaluate political risk factors for FDI and for foreign direct investors to evaluate political risk factors for exporting. Survey data were collected from Canadian exporters and foreign direct investors and capture the distinctive nature of salient factors for exporting and FDI. We offer unique insights on the evolutionary character of political risk that are of practical value for both exporting and FDI.
... international activities (Minor, 2003; Price, 2005; Short, 2005), empirical studies take the sa..., 1980; Pahud de Mortanges & Allers, 1996; Rice & Mahmoud, 1990) with only a few exceptions such a...For example, strategic planning, market research, and market selection all consider motiva... risk over time due to the emergence of the World Trade Organization, which obligates member countri...
The current economic crisis, the continuing ineffectiveness or unwillingness of our "globalized" system to deal with hunger and climate change, and today's quickly rising oil prices due to Mideast conflict are fuelling not only higher, but also more unpredictable, food costs. Reduced production due to inclement weather (climate change) has been combined with increased, even panic, buying because of natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes and droughts (in Australia, Eastern Europe, New Zealand and East Africa), thus exacerbating price rises.
...Rice, meat and dairy products, while holding at past le... speculation and profiteering in the marketplace. One might think that poor farmers around the worl...
... the "tea-leaf readers" of the investment world. Armed with charts and oddly named statistical tre... oscillators, they sift through stock past prices and volumes in an effort to predict where prices a... investment world dominated by efficient-market theorists -- those who believe stock prices are al...A century before Dow, a rice trader started tracking rice prices in Japan using...
... in a number of countries throughout the world, including Canada . [2] Since at least 2006, one o... later in the proceedings to discuss marketing strategies of Servier Canada. • Dr. Sylvie Ja... the Judicial Council of the Privy Council in Rice v. Christiani , [1931] 4 D.L.R. 273 (P.C.) [ Chris... of a product or to enhance unreasonably the price thereof,. (c) to prevent or lessen, unduly, compet...
The paper describes the nature and role of accounting during apprenticeship - the transition period from slavery to waged labor in the British West Indies. Planters, colonial legislators, and Parliamentary leaders all feared that freed slaves would flee to open lands unless they were bound to plantations. Thus, rather than relying entirely on economic incentives to maintain viable plantations, the Abolition Act and subsequent local ordinances embodied a complex synthesis of paternalism, categorization, penalties, punishments, and social controls that were collectively intended to create a class of willing waged laborers. The primary role of accounting within this structure was to police work arrangements rather than to induce apprentices to become willing workers. This post-emancipation...
...Britain had become the world's leading exporter of slaves from Africa by the mi... consumption and the rise of new colonial markets. Slaveholding came to represent "only a tiny fract...Otherwise, the price of sugar would remain artificially high, and plant...The comments of Spring-Rice, secretary for War and the Colonies, are pertinent...
Joseph Hardcastle, born in England in 1827, is probably best known for being one of only three individuals to pass the first Certified Public Accountant (CPA) exam in New York in 1896. Remarkably, he was just four months shy of his seventieth birthday and received the highest score of those that passed the exam Hardcastle was a regular contributor to various early journals about accounting in the US, and he became one of the foremost authorities of his time on the theory of accounting. Through an analysis of his articles, the goal of this paper is to reconstruct his theories and contributions to accounting thought and history, and to discuss these theories of accounting as related to the "science of accounts" that dominated accounting thought in the late 19th century US.
... and social mobility by creating exclusive market shelters that set each occupation apart from the o...'s accountant for approximately 42 years [Rice, 1951]. Thus, all of Hardcastle's experience in ac... the new invention cannot compete in the world of trade with the one using the invention. Appendi...28]:. Generally speaking, the cost price of an object to the manufacturer will be: Cost of ...
Nations around the world are currently confronting an unprecedented financi... the collapse of the US subprime mortgage market. Despite extensive support from governments and mo... due to skyrocketing energy and commodity prices. Developing countries, and in particular the least... punitive restrictions on exports of grains, rice, oilseeds, and other food products, have drastical...
With the growth of "globalization" in its worst sense - exploitive trade policies that give the rich an insurmountable advantage over the poor - the shipment of cheap American and European rice into the Global South has greatly threatened the livelihood of millions of subsistence farmers. [...] along with dried fruit and nuts, flowers and grains - as well as what are commonplace fair trade items today (coffee, tea and chocolate) - a niche market has grown from seemingly nothing, and soon will start to crowd out those "other brands" as fair trade sales continue to grow at 50 per cent annual rates.
... is growing as the wealthy parts of the world become more multicultural and consumers discover t...Producer groups demand a guaranteed price, with up to 50 per cent of the purchase price ofte...
Toad in the hole is made with plump, juicy sausages, embedded in puffy Yorkshire pudding batter. The steak and kidney pie -- generous portions of meat in rich brown gravy under a cap of flaky puff pastry -- is a hearty buy at $13.95, including veggies and chips, but if you want just the pie (the same one that's served in the restaurant) at an even lower price, the freezer in the adjoining grocery stocks containers of it for $7.95. Other British possibilities include a beef cottage pie and bangers and mash -- you can even have your bangers battered and deep fried, with chips. And, of course, there are a few curries which, these days, are as British as deep-fried Mars bars, which, in fact, are also available for dessert. No spotted dick, alas, or the wonderful burnt Devon custard of a few...
..., Latin America, Asia -- anywhere in the world but Britain. For me, though, ethnic food is whatev...There's a little food market at one side that stocks a number of British import... of a few years ago, but there is a creamy rice pudding, and a wonderful caramel-drizzled apple pi...
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