Golden Hill Ventures Ltd. v. Kemess Mines Inc. et al., 2002 BCSC 1460

• Judge: Burnyeat, J.
• Court: Supreme Court of British Columbia (Canada)
• Case Date: Thursday October 17, 2002
• Jurisdiction: British Columbia
• Citations: 2002 BCSC 1460;[2002] B.C.T.C. 1460 (SC)

Golden Hill Ventures v. Kemess Mines, [2002] B.C.T.C. 1460 (SC)

MLB headnote and full text

Temp. Cite: [2002] B.C.T.C. TBEd. NO.001

Golden Hill Ventures Ltd. (plaintiff) v. Kemess Mines Inc. and Kemess Mines Ltd. (defendants)

(L000508; 2002 BCSC 1460)

Indexed As: Golden Hill Ventures Ltd. v. Kemess Mines Inc. et al.

British Columbia Supreme Court

Vancouver

Burnyeat, J.

October 17, 2002.

Summary:

This headnote contains no summary.

Building Contracts - Topic 557

The contract - Terms - Soil conditions - See paragraphs 465 to 548.

Building Contracts - Topic 576

The contract - Implied terms - Permits - See paragraphs 447 to 464.

Building Contracts - Topic 581

The contract - Implied terms - Suitability of design - See paragraphs 465 to 548.

Building Contracts - Topic 582

The contract - Implied terms - Duty of owner to provide accurate information - See paragraphs 465 to 548.

Building Contracts - Topic 1302

Tender calls - General - Duty of care (incl. fairness) - See paragraphs 335 to 441.

Building Contracts - Topic 1308

Tender calls - General - Duty of disclosure of person calling tender - See paragraphs 465 to 548.

Building Contracts - Topic 1316

Tender calls - General - Negligent misrepresentation - See paragraphs 335 to 441.

Building Contracts - Topic 1701

Completion - Time for completion - General - See paragraphs 876 to 926.

Contracts - Topic 2051

Terms - Implied terms - General - See paragraphs 241 to 262.

Contracts - Topic 2059

Terms - Implied terms - Custom - See paragraph 254.

Contracts - Topic 2122

Terms - Express terms - Exclusionary clauses - Bars - See paragraphs 241 to 262.

Contracts - Topic 2126

Terms - Express terms - Exclusionary clauses - Interpretation - See paragraphs 241 to 262.

Contracts - Topic 3502

Performance or breach - Obligation to perform - Good faith - Exercise of - See paragraphs 662 to 667.

Damages - Topic 1320

Exemplary or punitive damages - Intimidation and duress (torts) - See paragraphs 668 to 690.

Damages - Topic 3630

Deceit and misrepresentation - Negligent misrepresentation - See paragraphs 927 to 1131.

Damages - Topic 6528

Contracts - Building contracts - Breach by owner - Measure of damages (incl. election) - See paragraphs 442 to 446.

Fraud and Misrepresentation - Topic 2508

Misrepresentation - General principles - Negligent misrepresentation - See paragraphs 335 to 441.

Fraud and Misrepresentation - Topic 2515

Misrepresentation - General principles - Concurrent liability in contract and tort - See paragraphs 238 to 240.

Fraud and Misrepresentation - Topic 2566

Misrepresentation - Representations - Particular statements - Quality of land - See paragraphs 263 to 292.

Fraud and Misrepresentation - Topic 2701

Misrepresentation - What constitutes misrepresentation - General - See paragraphs 302 to 316.

Fraud and Misrepresentation - Topic 2750

Misrepresentation - Negligent advice - Inducing contractual relations - See paragraphs 691 to 715.

Fraud and Misrepresentation - Topic 2824

Misrepresentation - Defences - Agreement excluding liability - See paragraphs 263 to 292.

Fraud and Misrepresentation - Topic 2825

Misrepresentation - Defences - Lack of reliance - See paragraphs 293 to 301 and 391 to 399.

Fraud and Misrepresentation - Topic 2830

Misrepresentation - Defences - No detrimental reliance (damages) - See paragraphs 400 to 404.

Interest - Topic 2021

Agreement to pay interest - What constitutes an agreement to pay interest - General - See paragraphs 1133 to 1143.

Mechanics' Liens - Topic 2506

Lienable claims - Claims excluded - Damages - See paragraphs 1144 to 1157.

Mechanics' Liens - Topic 6301

Priorities - Between lienholder and mortgagees - General - See paragraphs 1168 to 1170.

Torts - Topic 5285

Interference with economic relations - Intimidation and duress - Acts constituting intimidation - See paragraphs 668 to 690.

Torts - Topic 6601

Defences - Contributory negligence - General - What constitutes contributory negligence - See paragraphs 763 to 875.

Cases Noticed:

Central Trust Co. v. Rafuse and Cordon, [1986] 2 S.C.R. 147; 69 N.R. 321; 75 N.S.R.(2d) 109; 186 A.P.R. 109; 37 C.C.L.T. 117; 31 D.L.R.(4th) 481, refd to. [para. 238].

BG Checo International Ltd. v. British Columbia Hydro and Power Authority, [1993] 1 S.C.R. 12; 147 N.R. 81; 20 B.C.A.C. 241; 35 W.A.C. 241; 90 D.L.R.(4th) 577; [1993] 2 W.W.R. 321; 75 B.C.L.R.(2d) 145; 14 C.C.L.T.(2d) 233; 5 C.L.R.(2d) 173, refd to. [para. 239].

Bauer v. Bank of Montreal, [1980] 2 S.C.R. 102; 32 N.R. 191; 110 D.L.R.(3d) 424, refd to. [para. 243].

Consolidated-Bathurst Export Ltd. v. Mutual Boiler and Machinery Insurance Co., [1980] 1 S.C.R. 888; 32 N.R. 488; 112 D.L.R.(3d) 49; [1980] I.L.R. 1-1176, refd to. [para. 244].

Curtis v. Chemical Cleaning and Dyeing Co., [1951] 1 All E.R. 631 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 247].

Vaughan Masonry v. Toronto Aged Men's and Women's Homes, [1994] O.J. No. 2430 (Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 248].

Thomas Equipment Ltd. v. Sperry Rand Canada Ltd. and Sperry Rand Corp. (1982), 40 N.B.R.(2d) 271; 105 A.P.R. 271; 135 D.L.R.(3d) 197 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 248].

Evans (J.) & Son (Portsmouth) Ltd. v. Merzario (Andrea) Ltd., [1976] 2 All E.R. 930 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 248].

Zippy Print Enterprises Ltd. v. Pawliuk (1994), 100 B.C.L.R.(2d) 55 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 249].

Matheson (D.W.) & Sons Contracting Ltd. v. Canada (Attorney General) (1999), 175 N.S.R.(2d) 201; 534 A.P.R. 201 (S.C.), affd. (2000), 187 N.S.R.(2d) 62; 585 A.P.R. 62; 3 C.L.R.(3d) 22 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 251].

Cabbott (Walter) Construction Ltd. v. Canada (1975), 12 N.R. 285; 69 D.L.R.(3d) 542 (F.C.A.), refd to. [para. 251].

Canadian Pacific Hotels Ltd. v. Bank of Montreal, [1987] 1 S.C.R. 711; 77 N.R. 161; 21 O.A.C. 321; 40 D.L.R.(4th) 385, refd to. [para. 253].

M.J.B. Enterprises Ltd. v. Defence Construction (1951) Co. et al., [1999] 1 S.C.R. 619; 237 N.R. 334; 232 A.R. 360; 195 W.A.C. 360; 170 D.L.R.(4th) 577, refd to. [para. 253].

Machtinger v. HOJ Industries Ltd., [1992] 1 S.C.R. 986; 136 N.R. 40; 53 O.A.C. 200; 91 D.L.R.(4th) 491, refd to. [para. 254].

Liverpool City Counsel v. Irwin, [1977] A.C. 239 (H.L.), refd to. [para. 257].

Foundation Co. of Canada v. United Grain Growers Ltd. (1995), 25 C.L.R.(2d) 1 (B.C.S.C.), affd. (1997), 91 B.C.A.C. 254; 148 W.A.C. 254; 34 B.C.L.R.(3d) 92 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 266].

Gallen et al. v. Allstate Grain Co. (12984), 53 B.C.L.R. 38 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 268].

411397 B.C. Ltd. v. Granmour Holdings Ltd., [1996] B.C.J. No. 1310 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 269].

Morrison-Knudsen International Co. v. Australia, [1972] 46 A.L.J.R. 265 (H.C.), refd to. [para. 274].

Cardinal Construction Ltd. v. Brockville (City) (1984), 4 C.L.R. 149 (Ont. H.C.), refd to. [para. 276].

Begro Construction Ltd. v. St. Mary River Irrigation District et al. (1994), 154 A.R. 1; 15 C.L.R.(2d) 150 (Q.B.), refd to. [para. 277].

Hollerbach v. United States of America (1914), 233 U.S. 165 (U.S.S.C.), refd to. [para. 282].

Public Constructors Inc. v. New York, 390 N.Y.S.(2d) 481, refd to. [para. 282].

Opron Construction Co. v. Alberta (1994), 151 A.R. 241; 14 C.L.R.(2d) 97 (Q.B.), refd to. [para. 283].

Dilcon Constructors Inc. v. British Columbia Hydro and Power Authority (1992), 7 C.L.R.(2d) 22 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 284].

Edgeworth Construction Ltd. v. Lea (N.D.) and Associates, [1993] 3 S.C.R. 206; 157 N.R. 241; 32 B.C.A.C. 221; 53 W.A.C. 221; 83 B.C.L.R.(2d) 145, refd to. [para. 284].

Alden Contracting Ltd. v. Newman Brothers Ltd. et al. (1997), 41 O.T.C. 23; 38 C.L.R.(2d) 1 (Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 291].

Advice Pipelines Ltd. v. Mississauga Golf & Country Club Ltd. (1989), 33 C.L.R. 280 (Ont. H.C.), refd to. [para. 299].

Warden Construction Co. v. Grimsby (Town) (1983), 2 C.L.R. 69 (Ont. C.A.), refd to. [para. 299].

Keith Plumbing & Heating Co. et al. v. Newport City Club Ltd. (2000), 135 B.C.A.C. 59; 221 W.A.C. 59; 75 B.C.L.R.(3d) 186 (C.A.), leave to appeal dismissed (2000), 264 N.R. 200; 152 B.C.A.C. 23; 250 W.A.C. 23 (S.C.C.) refd to. [para. 300].

Micron Construction Ltd. v. Hongkong Bank of Canada - see Keith Plumbing & Heating Co. et al. v. Newport City Club Ltd.

Datile Financial Corp. v. Royal Trust Corp. of Canada (1991), 5 O.R.(3d) 358 (Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 302].

Queen (D.J.) v. Cognos Inc., [1993] 1 S.C.R. 87; 147 N.R. 169; 60 O.A.C. 1; 99 D.L.R.(4th) 626; 45 C.C.E.L. 153; 14 C.C.L.T.(2d) 113, refd to. [para. 311].

Moin v. Collingwood (Township) (2000), 135 O.A.C. 278 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 312].

Moin v. Blue Mountain (Town) - see Moin v. Collingwood (Township).

Constable Hart & Co. v. Lind (Peter) & Co. (1978), 9 Build. L.R. 4 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 333].

Tercon Contractors Ltd. v. British Columbia (Minister of Transportation and Highways), [1994] B.C.J. No. 1636 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 333].

JJM Construction Ltd. v. Sandspit Harbour Society et al. (1999), 131 B.C.A.C. 34; 214 W.A.C. 34; 71 B.C.L.R.(3d) 166 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 335].

Butler (Bruce) (1974) Ltd. v. Bonavista Peninsula Interfaith Senior Citizen's Foundation and B.F.L. Consultants Ltd. (1989), 83 Nfld. & P.E.I.R. 318; 260 A.P.R. 318; 37 C.L.R. 205 (Nfld. T.D.), dist. [para. 356].

Dexter Construction Co. v. Canada (Minister of Public Works) (1987), 15 F.T.R. 276; 29 C.L.R. 124 (T.D.), dist. [para. 358].

JJM Construction Ltd. v. Sandspit Harbour Society et al., [1998] B.C.T.C. Uned. 748; 38 C.L.R.(2d) 179 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 360].

Andronyk v. Williams (1985), 36 Man.R.(2d) 161; 21 D.L.R.(4th) 557 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 372].

Power Contracting Inc. v. Falby (1995), 20 C.L.R.(2d) 101 (Ont. C.J.), refd to. [para. 372].

Hinchey v. Gonda, [1955] O.W.N. 125 (H.C.), refd to. [para. 372].

Rasch v. Horne, [1930] 1 W.W.R. 816 (Man. C.A.), refd to. [para. 374].

Miller v. Edelweiss International Franchise Corp., [1996] B.C.J. No. 1224 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 374].

Smith v. Land and House Property Corp. (1884), 28 Ch. D. 7 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 375].

Esso Petroleum Co. v. Mardon, [1976] 2 All E.R. 5 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 376].

Moojelsky et al. v. Rexnord Canada Ltd. et al. (1989), 96 A.R. 91 (Q.B.), refd to. [para. 381].

Virdi and Thompson-Nicola Regional District v. Inland Feeders Ltd. (1981), 129 D.L.R.(3d) 685 (B.C.C.A.), refd to. [para. 386].

J.P. Metal Masters Inc. v. Mitchell (David) Co. et al. (1998), 105 B.C.A.C. 95; 171 W.A.C. 95; 49 B.C.L.R.(3d) 88 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 394].

Sidhu Estate v. Bains et al. (1996), 77 B.C.A.C. 116; 126 W.A.C. 116; 25 B.C.L.R.(3d) 41 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 395].

Kripps et al. v. Touche Ross & Co. et al. (1997), 89 B.C.A.C. 288; 145 W.A.C. 288; 33 B.C.L.R.(3d) 254 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 395].

Rainbow Industrial Caterers Ltd. et al. v. Canadian National Railway Co. et al., [1991] 3 S.C.R. 3; 126 N.R. 354; 3 B.C.A.C. 1; 7 W.A.C. 1; 8 C.C.L.T.(2d) 225; 59 B.C.L.R.(2d) 129; [1991] 6 W.W.R. 385; 84 D.L.R.(4th) 291, refd to. [para. 400].

Smith and Montgomery v. Johnson Brothers Co., [1954] 1 D.L.R. 392 (Ont. H.C.), refd to. [para. 419].

Penvidic Contracting Co. v. International Nickel Co. of Canada, [1976] 1 S.C.R. 267; 4 N.R. 1; 53 D.L.R.(3d) 748, refd to. [para. 433].

Conmac Western Industries v. Budd Brothers Ltd. (1990), 41 C.L.R. 161 (Q.B.), refd to. [para. 433].

Stevenson (W.A.) Construction (Western) Ltd. v. Metro Canada Ltd. (1987), 27 C.L.R. 113 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 435].

Cabott (Walter) Construction Ltd. v. Canada (1975), 12 N.R. 285; 69 D.L.R.(3d) 542 (F.C.A.), refd to. [para. 435].

Award Industries (Mechanical) Ltd. v. Canada, [1983] F.C.J. No. 133 (T.D.), refd to. [para. 444].

Ellis-Don Ltd. v. Toronto Parking Authority (1978), 7 C.L.R. 82 (Ont. H.C.), refd to. [para. 458].

J.P. Metal Masters Inc. v. Mitchell (David) Co., [1997] B.C.T.C. Uned. 911; 34 C.L.R.(2d) 251 (B.C.S.C.), affd. (1998), 105 B.C.A.C. 95; 171 W.A.C. 195; 49 B.C.L.R.(3d) 88 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 473].

Power Contracting Inc. v. Falby (1995), 20 C.L.R.(2d) 100 (Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 481].

Canadian National Railway Co. v. Volker Stevin Contracting Ltd. et al. (1991), 120 A.R. 39; 8 W.A.C. 39; 48 C.L.R. 134 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 492].

Northern Rock Products Ltd. v. British Columbia (1994), 16 C.L.R.(2d) 44 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 493].

Lawlor v. Day et al. (1899), 29 S.C.R. 441, refd to. [para. 501].

St. John & Quebec Railway Co. v. Bank of British North America (1921), 67 D.L.R. 650 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 501].

Evans v. Employers Mutual Insurance Association Ltd., [1936] 1 K.B. 505 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 505].

Chemicals Inc. and Overseas Commodities Ltd. v. Shanahan's Ltd., [1950] 2 D.L.R. 427 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 505].

El Ajou v. Dollar Land Holdings, [1994] 2 All E.R. 685 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 506].

Brown & Huston Ltd. v. York (Borough) (1985), 17 C.L.R. 192 (Ont. C.A.), refd to. [para. 512].

Wigmar Construction (B.C.) Ltd. v. Canada (Attorney General), [1997] B.C.T.C. Uned. G11; 34 C.L.R.(2d) 185 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 525].

Hercules Managements Ltd. et al. v. Ernst & Young et al., [1997] 2 S.C.R. 165; 211 N.R. 352; 115 Man.R.(2d) 241; 139 W.A.C. 241; 146 D.L.R.(4th) 577, refd to. [para. 525].

Fischbach and Moore of Canada Ltd. v. Noranda Mines Ltd. (1978), 84 D.L.R.(3d) 465 (Sask. C.A.), refd to. [para. 530].

Dilcon Constructors Ltd. v. ANC Developments Inc. (1996), 188 A.R. 241; 28 C.L.R.(2d) 209 (Q.B.), refd to. [para. 532].

Evergreen Building Ltd. v. Haebler (H.) Co. (1983), 5 C.L.R. 70 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 535].

Sandbar Construction Ltd. v. Pacific Parkland Properties Inc. (1994), 17 C.L.R.(2d) 40 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 535].

Brownlie v. Campbell, [1880] 5 A.C. 925 (H.L.), refd to. [para. 537].

Enterprises Blanchet ltée v. Canada (1986), 8 F.T.R. 31; 22 C.L.R. 225 (T.D.), refd to. [para. 587].

West Coast Paving Co. v. British Columbia (1984), 4 C.L.R. 300 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 662].

TNL Paving Ltd. v. British Columbia (Minister of Transportation and Highways) (1999), 17 B.C.T.C. 241; 46 C.L.R.(2d) 165 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 664].

Rookes v. Barnard, [1964] A.C. 1129 (H.L.), refd to. [para. 668].

Central Canada Potash Co. and Canada (Attorney General) v. Saskatchewan (1979), 23 N.R. 481; 88 D.L.R.(3d) 609 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 668].

No. 1 Collision Repair & Painting (1982), Ltd. v. Insurance Corp. of British Columbia (2000), 141 B.C.A.C. 1; 231 W.A.C. 1; 80 B.C.L.R.(3d) 62 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 668].

Dusik v. Newton et al. (1985), 62 B.C.L.R. 1 (C.A.), red to. [para. 671].

Roehl v. Houlahan et al. (1990), 46 O.A.C. 72; 75 O.R.(2d) 482 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 671].

Empress Towers Ltd. v. Bank of Nova Scotia (1990), 50 B.C.L.R.(2d) 126 (C.A.), leave to appeal refused (1991), 133 N.R. 238; 79 D.L.R.(4th) vii (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 717].

Colautti Construction Ltd. v. Ottawa (1984), 5 O.A.C. 74; 9 D.L.R.(4th) 265 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 735].

Doyle Construction Co. v. Carling O'Keefe Breweries of Canada Ltd. (1988), 27 B.C.L.R.(2d) 89 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 740].

Diamond Willow Ranch Ltd. v. Oliver (Village) et al. (1988), 31 C.L.R. 287 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 746].

Nelson River Construction (1984) Inc. v. Winnipeg (City) (1993), 87 Man. R.(2d) 241; 11 C.L.R.(2d) 12 (Q.B.), refd to. [para. 746].

Nordic Construction Ltd. v. Hope Brook Gold Inc. (1991), 92 Nfld. & P.E.I.R. 201; 287 A.P.R. 201; 47 C.L.R. 8 (Nfld. S.C.), refd to. [para. 746].

Gillis Construction (Cape Breton) Ltd. v. Stora Forest Industries Ltd. (1989), 92 N.S.R.(2d) 301; 237 A.P.R. 301; 35 C.L.R. 156 (T.D.), refd to. [para. 746].

Dilcon Constructors Ltd. v. ANC Developments Inc. (2000), 266 A.R. 1; 228 W.A.C. 1; 6 C.L.R.(3d) 34 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 746].

Stevenson Construction Co. v. First City Development Corp. et al. (1985), 14 C.L.R. 250 (B.C.C.A.), leave to appeal refused (1985), 63 N.R. 160; 14 C.L.R. 250 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 749].

Mohr v. Skana Holdings Ltd., [1995] B.C.J. No. 2447 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 756].

Acamar Stoney Creek Development Inc. et al. v. Surrey (City), [1997] B.C.T.C. Uned. 684: 139 M.P.L.R.(2d) 141 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 756].

BCorp Financial Inc. v. Baseline Resort Developments Inc., [1989] B.C.J. No. 2008 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 756].

Vic Van Isle Construction Ltd. v. Board of Education of School District No. 23 (Central Okanagan) (1997), 88 B.C.A.C. 161; 144 W.A.C. 161; 33 C.L.R.(2d) 75 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 756].

Anderson (Emil) Construction Co. v. British Columbia Railway Co. (1991), 45 C.L.R. 201 (B.C.C.A.), refd to. [para. 881].

British Columbia Hydro & Power Authority v. Canada (Minister of Public Works and Government Services), [1996] B.C.J. No. 2131 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 919].

BG Checo International Ltd. v. British Columbia Hydro and Power Authority (No. 2) (1994), 109 D.L.R.(4th) 1 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 928].

Chaplin v. Hicks, [1911] 2 K.B. 786 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 931].

Wood v. Grand Valley Railway (1915), 22 D.L.R. 614 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 932].

Scarff v. Wilson (1988), 33 B.C.L.R.(2d) 290 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 932].

British Columbia Hydro & Power Authority v. Marathon Realty Co. (1992), 11 B.C.A.C. 185; 22 W.A.C. 185; 89 D.L.R.(4th) 419 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 933].

Cadbury Schweppes Inc. et al. v. FBI Foods Ltd. et al., [1999] 1 S.C.R. 142; 235 N.R. 30; 117 B.C.A.C. 161; 91 W.A.C. 161; 167 D.L.R.(4th) 577, refd to. [para. 938].

Miller Dredging Ltd. et al. v. Ship Dorothy Mackenzie et al. (1994), 51 B.C.A.C. 105; 84 W.A.C. 105; 98 B.C.L.R.(2d) 71 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 938].

Rainbow Industrial Caterers Ltd. v. Canadian National Railway Co., [1989] 1 W.W.R. 714 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 944].

Webster et al. v. Ernst & Young et al. (2000), 136 B.C.A.C. 228; 222 W.A.C. 228; 75 B.C.L.R.(3d) 169 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 944].

Hodgkinson v. Simms et al., [1994] 3 S.C.R. 377; 171 N.R. 245; 49 B.C.A.C. 1; 80 W.A.C. 1; [1994] 9 W.W.R. 609; 22 C.C.L.T.(2d) 1; 117 D.L.R.(4th) 161, refd to. [para. 944].

Precision Industrial Contractors Corp. v. Solid Rock Steel Fabricating Co. (1992), 2 C.L.R.(2d) 239 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 951].

Williamson Brothers Construction Ltd. v. British Columbia (1990), 41 C.L.R. 192 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 1066].

Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario v. Mather, [1954] O.J. No. 79 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 1099].

Canadian Pacific Railway Co. et al. v. Fumagalli et al. (1962), 38 D.L.R.(2d) 110 (B.C.C.A.), refd to. [para. 1099].

Shore & Horowitz Construction Co. v. Franki of Canada Ltd., [1964] S.C.R. 589, refd to. [para. 1099].

Belgium Farms Ltd. v. Schumaker, [1983] B.C.J. No. 1733 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 1140].

Richardson Securities of Canada v. Shoji, [1982] B.C.J. No. 616 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 1140].

Cornford v. Westec Aerospace Inc., [1993] B.C.J. No. 1268 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 1140].

Pine-Laurel Investments Ltd. v. Shapiro, [1991] B.C.J. No. 240 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 1140].

Aluminex Extrusions Ltd. v. Double "D" Glass Ltd. (1987), 22 B.C.L.R.(2d) 220 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 1140].

Crestwood Kitchens Ltd. v. Voth Brothers Construction (1974) Ltd., [1983] B.C.J. No. 1736 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 1140].

Shelter Industries Inc. v. Great Northwest Contracting Ltd. et al., [2000] B.C.T.C. Uned. 176; 2 C.L.R.(2d) 126 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 1140].

Nascor Inc. v. Kadukski (1995), 10 B.C.L.R.(3d) 29 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 1140].

Sign-O-Lite Plastics Ltd. v. Mitten Realty Ltd., [1994] B.C.J. No. 1962 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 1140].

Byle v. Byle (1990), 65 D.L.R.(4th) 641 (B.C.C.A.), refd to. [para. 1140].

West Bank Indian Band v. Royal Bank of Canada, [1985] B.C.J. No. 3014 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 1140].

Foster Air Conditioning v. Lane, [1985] B.C.J. No. 958 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 1140].

McLean & Higgins Ltd. v. Somass Holdings Ltd., [1982] B.C.J. No. 498 (Co. Ct.), refd to. [para. 1140].

Ponoka-Calmer Oils Ltd. et al. v. Wakefield (Earl F.) Co. et al. (1958), 14 D.L.R.(2d) 609 (S.C.C.) affd. (1959), 21 D.L.R.(2d) 577 (P.C.), refd to. [para. 1145].

Wakefield (Earl F.) Co. v. Oil City Petroleums (Leduc) Ltd. et al. - see Ponoka-Calmer Oils Ltd. et al. v. Wakefield (Earl F.) Co. et al.

Kettle Valley Contractors Ltd. v. Cariboo Paving Ltd. (1986), 1 B.C.L.R.(2d) 236 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 1146].

Harmony Co-Ordination Services Ltd. v. 542479 B.C. Ltd. et al. (1999), 8 B.C.T.C. 40; 64 B.C.L.R.(3d) 376 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 1146].

Lauder Brothers & Tate Builders Ltd. v. Vanmore Holdings Ltd. (1985), 12 C.L.R. 128 (B.C. Co. Ct.), refd to. [para. 1147].

Astro Contracting Ltd. v. McArthur (1986), 17 C.L.R. 230 (B.C. Co. Ct.), refd to. [para. 1147].

Stro-Built Wall and Ceiling Inc. v. Kamal & Brothers Enterprises Ltd., [1997] B.C.T.C. Uned. H30 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 1149].

Hanwor Construction Ltd. v. Sundial Properties Ltd. (1986), B.C.L.D. Civ. 2588-01 (Co. Ct.), refd to. [para. 1151].

Majestic Contractors Ltd. v. N.C.L. Contracting Ltd. et al., [1994] 2 W.W.R. 619; 117 Sask. R. 12 (Q.B.), refd to. [para. 1152].

Turf Masters Landscaping Ltd. v. T.A.G. Developments Ltd. and Dartmouth (City) (1995), 143 N.S.R.(2d) 275; 411 A.P.R. 275; 24 C.L.R.(2d) 9 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 1152].

Bird Construction Co. v. Ownix Developments Ltd. and Phoenix Assurance Co. et al. (1984), 54 N.R. 109; 11 D.L.R.(4th) 1 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 1158].

Phoenix Assurance Co. of Canada v. Bird Construction - see Bird Construction Co. v. Ownix Developments Ltd. and Phoenix Assurance Co. et al.

Nor-Min Supplies Ltd. v. Canadian National Railway Co. (1979), 106 D.L.R.(3d) 325 (Ont. C.A.), refd to. [para. 1159].

Harrington Electric Ltd. v. Lougheed Towers Ltd. (1985), 61 B.C.L.R. 187 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 1162].

Keeprite Inc. v. Aerco Industries Ltd. (1982), 38 B.C.L.R. 150 (Co. Ct.), refd to. [para. 1163].

Crown Zellerbach Canada Ltd. et al. v. British Columbia (1979), 13 B.C.L.R. 276 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 1163].

Horseman Brothers Holdings Ltd. v. Lee (1985), 12 C.L.R. 145 (B.C.C.A.), refd to. [para. 1163].

Ross Gibson Industries Ltd. v. Greater Vancouver Housing Corp. (1985), 67 B.C.L.R. 55 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 1163].

Lauder Brothers & Tate Builders Ltd. v. Vanmore Holdings Ltd., [1987] B.C.J. No. 295 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 1163].

Yorkshire Trust Co. v. Canusa Construction Ltd. et al. (1984), 10 D.L.R.(4th) 45 (B.C.C.A.), refd to. [para. 1170].

Convert-A-Wall Ltd. v. Brampton Hydro-Electric Commission (1987), 27 C.L.R. 58 (Ont. H.C.), refd to. [para. 1173].

Wall Brothers Construction Co. v. Canson Enterprises Ltd. (1987), 17 B.C.L.R.(2d) 101 (Co. Ct.), refd to. [para. 1178].

Arctic Distributors Ltd. v. Nordine (1984), 52 B.C.L.R. 110 (Co. Ct.), refd to. [para. 1179].

Cavaglia v. Tenorio (1992), 71 B.C.L.R.(2d) 255 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 1187].

Authors and Works Noticed:

Cassels, Jamie, Remedies: The Law of Damages (2000), pp. 60 to 62 [para. 928].

Chitty on Contracts (27th Ed. 1994), p. 628 [para. 254].

Fleming, John G., The Law of Torts (7th Ed. 1987), pp. 600 [para. 372]; 614 [para. 386].

Fridman, Gerald Henry Louis, The Law of Contract in Canada (4th Ed. 1999) pp. 491 to 499, 495 [para. 1136].

Halsbury's Laws of England (4th Ed.) vol. 31, para. 709 [para. 372].

Halsbury's Laws of England (1980) (4th Ed. - Reissue), vol. 33, p. 379 [para. 303].

Hudson, Building and Engineering Contracts (10th Ed. 1970), pp. 317, 318 [para. 434].

Hudson, Building and and Engineering Contracts (11th Ed. 1995), vol. 1, pp. 88 to 89 [para. 295]; 310, 311 [para. 529].

Rainaldi, Linda A., Remedies in Tort (1987 Looseleaf Ed.), vol. 1, pp. 13-10 [para. 670]; 13-13 [para. 669].

Waddams, Stephen M., The Law of Damages (Rev. 2nd Ed. 1991) (Looseleaf Ed.), para. 5.300 [para. 669].

Wallace, I.N.D., Construction Contracts: Principles and Policies in Tort and Contract (1986), pp. 118 [para. 1123]; 140 [para. 937]; 144 [para. 925].

Winfield and Jolowitz on Tort (10th Ed.), p. 458 [para. 670].

Counsel:

K.L. Martin, T.J. Rothe and A. Mackay, for the plaintiff;

J.A. Hall, M.G. Demers and H.E. Maconachie, for the defendants.

This action was heard in Vancouver, B.C., on April 17 to 20, 25 to 28, May 1, 2, 8 to 12, 23 to 26, 29 to 31, June 1, 5 to 9, 19 to 23, 26 to 28, July 4 to 6, 24 to 28, 31, August 1 to 4, September 1 to 13, 21, 22, 25 to 29, October 4 to 6, 10 to 13, 16 to 20, 23 to 26, November 27 to 30, December 5 to 8, 11, 13 to 15, 2000, and March 12 to 15, April 2, 3, 17 to 20, 23, 25, 26 and 30, May 1, 2, 7 to 10, 11, 14, 15, and June 11, 13, 14, 15 and 22, 2001, before Burnyeat, J., of the British Columbia Supreme Court who delivered the following judgment on October 17, 2002.

Please note: The following judgment has not been edited.