In vitro Fertilization
Author | Maureen McTeer |
Pages | 9-19 |
[ ]
– chapter one –
In vitro Fertilization
INTRODUCTION
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is the core reproductive technology. It involves
extracting ova from a woman’s ovaries and fertilizing one or more of these
ova with sperm to create a human embryo. Originally used in cattle to
enhance not only herd quality, but also reproductive control and nan-
cial prot, IVF was rst proposed for use in women in very specic cir-
cumstances where their fallopian tubes were either damaged, diseased, or
absent. In these cases, IVF was a tool to circumvent, not cure, a woman’s
infertility, merely bypassing a physiological problem to allow the human
embryo to be inserted directly into the woman’s womb, where it would
hopefully implant in the uterine wall, begin to develop, and result in both
a viable pregnancy and a healthy live birth.
is was the case with the British mother of Louise Brown, the rst
baby born using IVF. Since then, estimates are that more than mil-
lion children have been born worldwide using IVF alone or used with
one of its reproductive oshoots. e Canadian Fertility and Androl-
ogy Society estimates that percent of couples seek medical advice for
infertility- related problems and that fully two-thirds of them need spe-
cialist interventions. One in six remains the most frequent estimate for
couples unable to conceive after one full year of regular unprotected
sexual intercourse, a gure that has remained constant for decades.
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