Index

• Author: Philip H. Osborne
• Pages: 527-544

527

INDEX

Abatement of nuisa nce, 419–20. See also

Nuisanc e

Absolute privi lege, 437–38. See also

Privi lege

Abuse of power, 224–25

Abuse of process , 281–82. See also Inten -

tional inter ference with the person

malicious pro secution compared, 281

Academic dis putes, 246

Accident prevention, 176– 81

Accidental conduct, 9

inevitable acc ident, 123

Accountabilit y, 4, 7, 13, 17, 18, 266, 476

governmental i nstitutions, 145, 230.

See also Governmental liability

Act of stranger or God

cattle trespass, 382

dangerous ani mal, escape, 380

f‌ire s, 375, 376

Rylands v Fletcher, rule in, 371–72

scienter action s, 380

Actio per quod co nsortium amisit, 215

Actio per quod se rvitium amisit, 213–14

Advertisi ng of medical products, 152–53

Aff‌irmative actions, duties, 78–85

Agent and princip al

liability of age nt, 395–96

liability of pr incipal, 392, 397

Aggravated damages. See also Damages

defamation, 448

intentional i nterference with the

person, 313

negligence action s, 123–24

“Agony of the moment” rule, 36, 116

Airspace, trespass to, 322–24

Animals

cattle trespass. See Cattle trespass

injuries and h arm caused by. See

Scienter action

Anti-SLAPP leg islation, 447

Apologies, 44 6–47

Appeasement , 4, 17

Approved practice, 36 –38

Arrest, lega l authority, 309–10

false impr isonment. See False

imprisonment

Asbestos cases. See Toxic tort cases

Assault, 272–75. See also Intent ional

interference with the person

damages, 274

mere words, 273

threat of imm ediate battery, 272–74

Attorney Genera l injunctions, 420, 422–23

Auditors, duty of care, 190 –92

Augmented risk t heory, 56–57

Battery, 235, 268–72. See also Int en-

tional inter ference with the person

THE LAW OF TORTS528

burden of proof, 270

def‌inition, 4, 26 8–69

direct interference, 269–70

medical tr eatment, 301–4

sexual rel ationships, 271–72, 304–6

threat of, 272–75

Breach of conf‌idence, 4 62–63

Breach of contract , 454–56

inducing. See Inducement to breach

a contract

negligent perfor mance of service, 196

Breach of f‌iduciar y duty, 456–60

Builders. See also Products liability

third-party liability, 202, 216–22

warrant ies, 216, 220

Bullying, 295 –96. See also Harassment

nervous shock, 283

Burden of proof, 470. See also Evidence

ba tter y, 270

defa mation, 430

negligence, 50

cause-in-fact , 55, 62

legal malpract ice, 250

multiple tort feasors, 62–63

joint tortfe asors, 63

Business tor ts. See Intentional inter fer-

ence with ec onomic interests

“But for” te st, 54–58

Captain of ai rcraft or ship, use of force,

309

Case studie s

exemplary tor ts case, 2–7

intentional interference with chattels,

332

personal i njury damages asse ssment,

133 –35

Cattle trespass, 381–83

defences, 382

act of stranger or God, 3 82

consent, 382

default of plaint iff, 382

distres s damage feasant, 382

elements of liabi lity, 381–82

legislation , 383

self-help remedy, 382

Causation in neg ligence, 54–68, 470. See

also Negligenc e

alternative liability, 62–63

cause-in-fact , 54–62

burden of proof, 55, 62

“but for” test , 54–58

material c ontribution test, 58– 62

multiple tort feasors, 62–63

joint tortfe asors, 63–64

loss of a chance, 65 –66

market share li ability, 64–65

medical tre atment, informed consent

and , 160– 63

misrepresentations, 194

Causes of action

concurrent, 457

derivative, 136, 139– 40

limitat ion periods. See Limit ation

periods

st atut ory, 177–78

Charter of Rights and Freed oms, 463–67

constitut ional torts, 465– 67

tort law applic ation

direct applic ation, 463–64

indirect application, 464–65

Chattels, intentional interference. See

Intentional interference with chattels

Children

counsellors, dut y to parents, 259–60

discipline, 308–9

duty of care toward s, 394–95

educational m alpractice, 243–46

fatal accident s legislation, 136–39

death of child, 13 8

death of parent, 136 –39

parental s upervision, 47

social workers, dut y to parents,

259–60

standard of c are in negligence, 45–47

adult activities, 47

contributor y negligence, 46

suing, consideration s, 46

Circumstantial evidence, 51–53

Civil fraud, 336–38. See also Inte ntional

interference with economic interests

Collateral be nef‌its, 132–33, 137

Compensat ion, 14, 18–23

fatalitie s, 124. See also Fatal ity cases

focus of tort law, 3, 4–5, 18–19,

123–24, 475 –77

tension with ot her aspects, 7

government in itiatives, 20–22

personal i njury, 124. See also Per-

sonal injur y claims