L'idée de la tarifcation internationale du carbone

Pages79-88
AuthorAlexis Terriault
 
L’idée de la tarification
internationale du carbone
Le pouvoir de la tarification du carbone pour encourager les actions
sobres en carbone est indéniable. Cependant, pour être ecace à
l’échelle mondiale, sa mise en action doit être réalisée de façon suf-
fisamment ambitieuse. Pour maximiser son ecacité, la tarification
du carbone doit être appliquée à la plus grande quantité d’émissions
de GES possible. D’un point de vue global, l’ecacité de la tarifica-
tion du carbone pour réduire les émissions mondiales augmente à
mesure que davantage de pays l’adoptent. Il serait possible pour un
prix mondial et minimal du carbone de réduire significativement les
émissions de GES tout en atténuant les risques sur la compétitivité
économique qui sont un frein majeur à l’augmentation de l’ambi-
tion autour de cette politique climatique. Pour ce faire, une action
climatique internationale ambitieuse, ainsi que les préoccupations
concernant la compétitivité économique et le partage équitable des
responsabilités, nécessitent une discussion collaborative. L’harmoni-
sation internationale des politiques climatiques est indispensable
pour parvenir aux réductions importantes des émissions nécessaires
à l’atteinte de l’objectif de l’Accord de Paris. Une harmonisation
internationale de la tarification du carbone est une idée particulière-
ment intéressante puisqu’elle permettrait de profiter des avantages
de la tarification du carbone tout en répondant au problème des
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