Parlements canadiens et la grippe de 1918-1919.
Date | 22 December 2020 |
Author | Haig, Elizabeth |
Malgré tous les discours sur les << temps sans précédent >>, il est parfois facile d'oublier que le Canada a déjà connu des pandémies. La pandémie de grippe de 1918-1919 (également appelée la << grippe espagnole >>, terme impropre, car la maladie n'est pas originaire d'Espagne) a dévasté le Canada, faisant environ 50 000 victimes canadiennes et en infectant des milliers d'autres, soit environ un Canadien sur quatre (1). L'apparition de cette maladie hautement contagieuse et mortelle a forcé la fermeture d'espaces publics dans tout le pays, y compris des bars, des écoles et d'autres espaces publics non essentiels (2). Dans certaines régions, on a promulgué l'obligation de porter un masque et imposé des ordonnances de confinement à la maison, un peu comme aujourd'hui (3). Avec un accès limité aux téléphones, et Zoom qui verrait le jour environ un siècle plus tard, quels changements les législatures provinciales et territoriales et le Parlement fédéral ont-ils adoptés pour continuer à travailler en ces temps difficiles?
La relâche estivale a été la réaction la plus courante à l'épidémie. La Chambre des communes fédérale a été levée pour la relâche estivale le 24 mai 1918, et n'a pas siégé de nouveau avant le 20 février 1919 (4). Bien que les registres des législatures provinciales durant cette période soient rares, nous savons que l'Ontario, l'Alberta, le Québec et la Colombie-Britannique ont tous eu des périodes d'inactivité aussi longues au plus fort de la pandémie (5). Le premier cas de grippe espagnole au Canada a été signalé au Quebec le 8 septembre 1918, et environ 90 % des décès au Canada sont survenus entre octobre 1918 et décembre 1918 (6).
Les politiciens étant partis, les...
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