R. v. Douglas (R.D.), (2005) 387 A.R. 1 (QB)

• Judge: Watson, J.
• Court: Court of Queen's Bench of Alberta (Canada)
• Case Date: February 28, 2005
• Citations: (2005), 387 A.R. 1 (QB);2005 ABQB 252

R. v. Douglas (R.D.) (2005), 387 A.R. 1 (QB)

MLB headnote and full text

Temp. Cite: [2005] A.R. TBEd. OC.095

Her Majesty the Queen v. Richard David Douglas

(030289839 Q1; 2005 ABQB 252)

Indexed As: R. v. Douglas (R.D.)

Alberta Court of Queen's Bench

Judicial District of Edmonton

Watson, J.

April 5, 2005.

Summary:

The accused was charged with second de­gree murder. The accused challenged the admissibility of hair and DNA samples pro­cured by police during interviews, and the videotaped contents of the interviews them­selves.

The Alberta Court of Queen's Bench held that the hair and DNA samples and portions of the interviews would be admitted before the jury at trial.

Criminal Law - Topic 3071.1

Special powers - Forensic DNA analysis - Voluntary DNA sample - Informed consent - The accused was charged with second degree murder - The accused sought to have hair and DNA samples that arose from a voluntary interview with police rendered inadmissible - The accused had been brought in for a series of interviews, prior to having been charged, as a person of interest - He was not a suspect at the time of the interview - The Alberta Court of Queen's Bench held that, whether or not the accused was a temporary detainee at the time that the samples were procured, informed consent had been given and the samples were admissible - See paragraphs 336 to 345.

Criminal Law - Topic 5335

Evidence and witnesses - Confessions and voluntary statements - What constitutes a "threat" or "inducement" - The accused was charged with second degree murder - The accused sought to have the videotaped contents of a voluntary interview with police rendered inadmissible - The accused had been brought in for an interview, prior to having been charged, as a person of interest - The police had taken steps to assure him that he would be going home after the interview - The police expressed a desire to have the accused help with the investigation - The Alberta Court of Queen's Bench held that, subject to editing out prejudicial portions, the contents of the videotaped interview were admissible - See paragraphs 217 to 247, 402 to 413, 430 to 436 and 480 to 484.

Criminal Law - Topic 5336.1

Evidence and witnesses - Confessions and voluntary statements - Recording or video­taping interrogation - The accused was charged with second degree murder - The accused sought to have the videotaped contents of a voluntary interview with police rendered inadmissible - The accused had been brought in for an interview, prior to having been charged, as a person of interest - He was not a suspect at the time of the interview - The police had taken steps to assure him that he would be going home after the interview - The police expressed a desire to have the accused help with the investigation - The accused al­leged trickery on the part of the police - The accused was not informed that the interview was being videotaped - The Alberta Court of Queen’s Bench held that, subject to editing out prejudicial portions, the contents of the videotaped interview were admissible - See paragraphs 217 to 247.

Cases Noticed:

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R. v. Bartle (K.), [1994] 3 S.C.R. 173; 172 N.R. 1; 74 O.A.C. 161; 92 C.C.C.(3d) 289; 33 C.R.(4th) 1; 6 M.V.R.(3d) 1; 118 D.L.R.(4th) 83; 19 O.R.(3d) 802; 1994 CarswellOnt 100, refd to. [para. 261, footnote 80].

R. v. White (J.K.), [1999] 2 S.C.R. 417; 240 N.R. 1; 123 B.C.A.C. 161; 201 W.A.C. 161; 135 C.C.C.(3d) 257; 24 C.R.(5th) 201; 42 M.V.R.(3d) 161; 174 D.L.R.(4th) 111; 63 C.R.R.(2d) 1; 1999 CarswellBC 1224; 7 B.H.R.C. 120, refd to. [para. 265, footnote 81].

R. v. Latimer (R.W.), [1997] 1 S.C.R. 217; 207 N.R. 215; 152 Sask.R. 1; 140 W.A.C. 1; 112 C.C.C.(3d) 193; [1997] 2 W.W.R. 525; 4 C.R.(5th) 1, refd to. [para. 269, footnote 82].

R. v. Cochrane (1988), 96 A.R. 308 (C.A.), affing. (1988), 96 A.R. 308 (Q.B.), refd to. [para. 270, footnote 83].

R. v. Smith (J.M.) (1996), 88 O.A.C. 374; 28 O.R.(3d) 75; 46 C.R.(4th) 229; 105 C.C.C.(3d) 58; 34 C.R.R.(2d) 314; 19 M.V.R.(3d) 262; 1996 CarswellOnt 318 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 270, footnote 84].

R. v. Hicks, [1990] 1 S.C.R. 120; 104 N.R. 399; 37 O.A.C. 143; 44 C.R.R. 282; 54 C.C.C.(3d) 575; 73 C.R.(3d) 204; 1990 CarswellOnt 74, affing. (1988), 28 O.A.C. 118; 8 M.V.R.(2d) 191; 64 C.R.(3d) 68; 42 C.C.C.(3d) 394; 37 C.R.R. 151 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 271, footnote 85].

R. v. McKay (S.A.), [2004] 1 W.W.R. 455; 175 Man.R.(2d) 121; 16 C.R.(6th) 347; 2003 CarswellMan 243 (Q.B.), refd to. [para. 273, footnote 86].

R. v. Rhodes (D.J.), [2002] B.C.T.C. 667; 2002 CarswellBC 1177; 2002 BCSC 667, refd to. [para. 276, footnote 87].

R. v. Flett (D.) et al. (2004), 185 Man.R.(2d) 263; 23 C.R.(6th) 337; 2004 CarswellMan 266; 2004 MBQB 143, refd to. [para. 277, footnote 88].

R. v. Elkadri (M.), 2003 CarswellOnt 891; 2003 WL 9833 (Sup. Ct.), refd to. [para. 278, footnote 89].

R. v. Timmons (W.J.) (2002), 205 N.S.R.(2d) 37; 643 A.P.R. 37; 2002 CarswellNS 177 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 280, footnote 90].

R. v. Ingram, 2002 CarswellBC 1191; 2002 BCSC 574, refd to. [para. 281, footnote 91].

R. v. Top (1989), 95 A.R. 195; 48 C.C.C.(3d) 493; 1989 CarswellAlta 477 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 283, footnote 92].

R. v. Smith (J.L.), [1989] 2 S.C.R. 368; 99 N.R. 372; 50 C.C.C.(3d) 308; 71 C.R.(3d) 129; [1989] 6 W.W.R. 289; 39 B.C.L.R.(2d) 145; 61 D.L.R.(4th) 462; 41 C.R.R.1; 1989 CarswellBC 154, refd to. [para. 284, footnote 93].

R. v. Prosper, [1994] 3 S.C.R. 236; 172 N.R. 161; 133 N.S.R.(2d) 321; 380 A.P.R. 321; 92 C.C.C.(3d) 353; 118 D.L.R.(4th) 154; 33 C.R.(4th) 85; 23 C.R.R.(2d) 239; 6 M.V.R.(3d) 181; 1994 CarswellNS 25, refd to. [para. 286, footnote 94].

R. v. Luong (G.V.) (2000), 271 A.R. 368; 234 W.A.C. 368; 85 Alta. L.R.(3d) 217; 149 C.C.C.(3d) 571; 6 M.V.R.(4th) 183; 2000 CarswellAlta 1238; 2000 ABCA 301, refd to. [para. 286, footnote 95].

R. v. Gormley (G.J.) (1999), 180 Nfld. & P.E.I.R. 181; 548 A.P.R. 181; 140 C.C.C.(3d) 110; 71 C.R.R.(2d) 75; 1999 CarswellPEI 83 (P.E.I.C.A.), refd to. [para. 287, footnote 96].

R. v. Burlingham (T.W.), [1995] 2 S.C.R. 206; 181 N.R. 1; 58 B.C.A.C. 161; 96 W.A.C. 161; 97 C.C.C.(3d) 385; 124 D.L.R.(4th) 7; 38 C.R.(4th) 265; 28 C.R.R.(2d) 244; 1995 CarswellBC 71, refd to. [para. 294, footnote 97].

R. v. Friesen (C.S.) (1995), 174 A.R. 13; 102 W.A.C. 13; 101 C.C.C.(3d) 167; 32 Alta. L.R.(3d) 432; 1995 CarswellAlta 379 (C.A.), leave to appeal refused [1996] 2 S.C.R. vi; 204 N.R. 72; 193 A.R. 160; 135 W.A.C. 160; 105 C.C.C.(3d) vi; 40 Alta.L.R.(3d) xxxi; 1996 CarswellAlta 1183, refd to. [para. 294, footnote 98].

R. v. Ekman (G.) (2000), 140 B.C.A.C. 120; 229 W.A.C. 120; 146 C.C.C.(3d) 346; 76 C.R.R.(2d) 361; 2000 CarswellBC 1404; 2000 BCCA 414 (C.A.), leave to appeal denied (2001), 267 N.R. 398; 154 B.C.A.C. 159; 252 W.A.C. 159; 80 C.R.R.(2d) 186; 2001 CarswellBC 376, refd to. [para. 300, footnote 99].

R. v. Wood (D.A.) (1994), 135 N.S.R.(2d) 334; 386 A.P.R. 334; 94 C.C.C.(3d) 193; 1994 CarswellNS 462 (C.A.), leave to appeal denied [1995] 3 S.C.R. viii; 193 N.R. 238; 145 N.S.R.(2d) 80; 418 A.P.R. 80; 99 C.C.C.(3d) vi (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 304, footnote 100].

R. v. Baidwan (J.S.), [2003] B.C.A.C. Uned. 104; 2003 CarswellBC 1506 (C.A.), affing. 2001 CarswellBC 3319; 2001 BCSC 1412, leave to appeal denied (2004), 328 N.R. 199; 208 B.C.A.C. 158; 344 W.A.C. 158; 2004 CarswellBC 15 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 309, footnote 101].

R. v. Bohnet (R.) (2003), 339 A.R. 175; 312 W.A.C. 175; 2003 CarswellAlta 1270; 2003 ABCA 207, leave to appeal refused [2004] 1 S.C.R. vi; 328 N.R. 196; 363 A.R. 196; 343 W.A.C. 196; 112 C.R.R.(2d) 188; 2004 CarswellAlta 83, refd to. [para. 312, footnote 102].

R. v. Roy (F.C.), [2003] O.A.C. Uned. 457; 180 C.C.C.(3d) 298; 15 C.R.(6th) 282; 112 C.R.R.(2d) 297; 2003 CarswellOnt 4448 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 313, footnote 103].

R. v. Therens, [1985] 1 S.C.R. 613; 59 N.R. 122; 40 Sask.R. 122; 18 C.C.C.(3d) 481; 45 C.R.(3d) 97; [1985] 4 W.W.R. 286; 32 M.V.R. 153; 18 D.L.R.(4th) 655; 13 C.R.R. 193; 38 Alta. L.R.(2d) 99; 1985 CarswellSask 368, refd to. [para. 317, footnote 104].

R. v. Bartle (K.), [1994] 3 S.C.R. 173; 172 N.R. 1; 74 O.A.C. 161; 92 C.C.C.(3d) 289; 33 C.R.(4th) 1; 6 M.V.R.(3d) 1; 118 D.L.R.(4th) 83; 19 O.R.(3d) 802; 1994 CarswellOnt 100, refd to. [para. 320, footnote 105].

R. v. Edwards (C.), [1996] 1 S.C.R. 128; 192 N.R. 81; 88 O.A.C. 321; 104 C.C.C.(3d) 136; 45 C.R.(4th) 307; 33 C.R.R.(2d) 226; 1996 CarswellOnt 1916; 26 O.R.(3d) 736, refd to. [para. 321, footnote 106].

R. v. Noble (S.J.), [1997] 1 S.C.R. 874; 210 N.R. 321; 89 B.C.A.C. 1; 145 W.A.C. 1; 146 D.L.R.(4th) 385; 114 C.C.C.(3d) 385; 6 C.R.(5th) 1; [1997] 6 W.W.R. 1; 1997 CarswellBC 711, refd to. [para. 323, footnote 107].

R. v. Moran (1987), 21 O.A.C. 257; 36 C.C.C.(3d) 225; 1987 CarswellOnt 1116 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 324, footnote 108].

R. v. D.E.M. (2001), 156 Man.R.(2d) 231; 246 W.A.C. 231; 156 C.C.C.(3d) 239; 85 C.R.R.(2d) 300; 2001 MBCA 110, refd to. [para. 325, footnote 109].

R. v. C.R.H., [2003] 6 W.W.R. 481; 173 Man.R.(2d) 113; 293 W.A.C. 113; 174 C.C.C.(3d) 67; 11 C.R.(6th) 152; 104 C.R.R.(2d) 226; 2003 CarswellMan 99; 2003 MBCA 38, refd to. [para. 326, footnote 110].

R. v. Dolynchuk (E.N.) (2004), 184 Man.R.(2d) 71; 318 W.A.C. 71; 184 C.C.C.(3d) 214; 22 C.R.(6th) 183; 6 M.V.R.(5th) 9; 118 C.R.R.(2d) 115; 2004 CarswellMan 144; 2004 MBCA 45, refd to. [para. 327, footnote 111].

R. v. Hawkins (J.G.), [1993] 2 S.C.R. 157; 151 N.R. 176; 107 Nfld. & P.E.I.R. 179; 336 A.P.R. 179; 14 C.R.R.(2d) 243; 20 C.R.(4th) 55; 1993 CarswellNfld 12, refd to. [para. 328, footnote 112].

R. v. Stillman (W.W.D.), [1997] 1 S.C.R. 607; 209 N.R. 81; 185 N.B.R.(2d) 1; 472 A.P.R. 1; 113 C.C.C.(3d) 321; 144 D.L.R.(4th) 193; 5 C.R.(5th) 1; 42 C.R.R.(2d) 189; 1997 CarswellNB 107, refd to. [para. 337, footnote 113].

R. v. Wills (1992), 52 O.A.C. 321; 12 C.R.(4th) 58; 70 C.C.C.(3d) 529; 34 M.V.R.(2d) 296; 9 C.R.R.(2d) 360; 7 O.R.(3d) 337; 1992 CarswellOnt 77, refd to. [para. 339, footnote 114].

R. v. Nicholas (E.S.) (2004), 184 O.A.C. 139; 182 C.C.C.(3d) 393; 70 O.R.(3d) 1; 2004 CarswellOnt 823 (C.A.), leave to appeal denied (2004), 335 N.R. 198; 2004 CarswellOnt 4003 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 342, footnote 115].

R. v. Scott (J.M.) (2004), 228 N.S.R.(2d) 203; 723 A.P.R. 203; 191 C.C.C.(3d) 183; 26 C.R.(6th) 145; 2004 CarswellNS 484; 2004 NSCA 141, leave to appeal dismissed, 346 N.R. 193 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 342, foot­note 116].

R. v. Sweitzer, [1982] 1 S.C.R. 949; 42 N.R. 550; 37 A.R. 294; 68 C.C.C.(2d) 193; 137 D.L.R.(3d) 702; 21 Alta. L.R.(2d) 97; 29 C.R.(3d) 97; [1982] 5 W.W.R. 555; 1982 CarswellAlta 552, refd to. [para. 486, footnote 117].

R. v. Corbett, [1988] 1 S.C.R. 670; 85 N.R. 81; 41 C.C.C.(3d) 385; 64 C.R.(3d) 1; [1988] 4 W.W.R. 481; 28 B.C.L.R.(2d) 145; 34 C.R.R. 54; 1988 CarswellBC 252, refd to. [para. 487, footnote 118].

R. v. Vetrovec; R. v. Gaja, [1982] 1 S.C.R. 811; 41 N.R. 606; 67 C.C.C.(2d) 1; 27 C.R.(3d) 304; 136 D.L.R.(3d) 89; [1983] 1 W.W.R. 193, refd to. [para. 487, footnote 119].

R. v. D.D., [2000] 2 S.C.R. 275; 259 N.R. 156; 136 O.A.C. 201; 148 C.C.C.(3d) 41; 191 D.L.R.(4th) 60; 36 C.R.(5th) 261; 2000 CarswellOnt 3255; 2000 SCC 43, refd to. [para. 489, footnote 120].

R. v. Mohan, [1994] 2 S.C.R. 9; 166 N.R. 245; 71 O.A.C. 241; 89 C.C.C.(3d) 402; 29 C.R.(4th) 243; 114 D.L.R.(4th) 419; 18 O.R.(3d) 160; 1994 CarswellOnt 66, refd to. [para. 489, footnote 121].

R. v. Harrer (H.M.), [1995] 3 S.C.R. 562; 186 N.R. 329; 64 B.C.A.C. 161; 105 W.A.C. 161; 101 C.C.C.(3d) 193; 128 D.L.R.(4th) 98; 42 C.R.(4th) 269; 32 C.R.R.(2d) 273; 1995 CarswellBC 1098, refd to. [para. 490, footnote 122].

R. v. Buric (G.J.) et al., [1997] 1 S.C.R. 535; 209 N.R. 241; 98 O.A.C. 398; 114 C.C.C.(3d) 95; 32 O.R.(3d) 320; 42 C.R.R.(2d) 187; 1997 CarswellOnt 984, affing. (1996), 90 O.A.C. 321; 106 C.C.C.(3d) 97; 48 C.R.(4th) 149; 28 O.R.(3d) 737; 36 C.R.R.(2d) 62; 1996 CarswellOnt 1592 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 491, footnote 123].

R. v. Handy (J.), [2002] 2 S.C.R. 908; 290 N.R. 1; 160 O.A.C. 201; 164 C.C.C.(3d) 481; 1 C.R.(6th) 203; 213 D.L.R.(4th) 385; 61 O.R.(3d) 415; 2002 CarswellOnt 1968; 2002 SCC 56, refd to. [para. 492, footnote 124].

R. v. Ménard (S.), [1998] 2 S.C.R. 109; 228 N.R. 100; 111 O.A.C. 1; 125 C.C.C.(3d) 416; 16 C.R.(5th) 226; 161 D.L.R.(4th) 621; 1998 CarswellOnt 2563, refd to. [para. 498, footnote 125].

R. v. Chambers (No. 2), [1990] 2 S.C.R. 1293; 119 N.R. 321; 59 C.C.C.(3d) 321; 80 C.R.(3d) 235; [1990] 6 W.W.R. 554; 49 B.C.L.R.(2d) 299; 1990 CarswellBC 217, refd to. [para. 506, footnote 126].

R. v. Baldwin (D.) (2004), 193 O.A.C. 55; 192 C.C.C.(3d) 165; 2004 CarswellOnt 5297 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 507, footnote 127].

R. v. Sodhi (P.S.) (2003), 175 O.A.C. 107; 179 C.C.C.(3d) 60; 66 O.R.(3d) 641; 2003 CarswellOnt 3295 (C.A.), leave to appeal dismissed (2004), 332 N.R. 396; 201 O.A.C. 199; 2004 CarswellOnt 3460 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 509, footnote 128].

R. v. Wright (1990), 40 O.A.C. 171; 56 C.C.C.(3d) 503; 1990 CarswellOnt 731 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 511, footnote 129].

R. v. Calder (M.), [1996] 1 S.C.R. 660; 194 N.R. 52; 90 O.A.C. 18; 105 C.C.C.(3d) 1; 46 C.R.(4th) 133; 1996 CarswellOnt 1405, refd to. [para. 513, footnote 130].

R. v. Cook (D.R.), [1998] 2 S.C.R. 597; 230 N.R. 83; 112 B.C.A.C. 1; 182 W.A.C. 1; 164 D.L.R.(4th) 1; 128 C.C.C.(3d) 1; 19 C.R.(5th) 1; [1999] 5 W.W.R. 582; 55 C.R.R.(2d) 189; 1998 CarswellBC 2001, refd to. [para. 513, footnote 131].

R. v. Kuldip, [1990] 3 S.C.R. 618; 114 N.R. 284; 43 O.A.C. 340; 61 C.C.C.(3d) 385; 1 C.R.(4th) 285; 1 C.R.R.(2d) 110; 1990 CarswellOnt 62, refd to. [para. 514, footnote 132.].

R. v. Noël (C.), [2002] 3 S.C.R. 433; 295 N.R. 1; 168 C.C.C.(3d) 193; 218 D.L.R.(4th) 385; 5 C.R.(6th) 1; 99 C.R.R.(2d) 1; 2002 CarswellQue 2167; 2002 SCC 67; refd to. [para. 515, foot­note 133].

R. v. Lepage (J.P.), [1995] 1 S.C.R. 654; 178 N.R. 81; 79 O.A.C. 191; 95 C.C.C.(3d) 385; 36 C.R.(4th) 145; 1995 CarswellOnt 3, refd to. [para. 515, foot­note 134].

R. v. Underwood (G.R.), [1998] 1 S.C.R. 77; 221 N.R. 161; 209 A.R. 276; 160 W.A.C. 276; 121 C.C.C.(3d) 117; 115 D.L.R.(4th) 13; 12 C.R.(5th) 241; 48 C.R.R.(2d) 205; 67 Alta. L.R.(3d) 81; 1997 CarswellAlta 1080; [1999] 4 W.W.R. 326, refd to. [para. 516, foot­note 135].

R. v. Béland and Phillips, [1987] 2 S.C.R. 398; 79 N.R. 263; 9 Q.A.C. 293; 36 C.C.C.(3d) 481; 60 C.R.(3d) 1, refd to. [para. 522, footnote 136].

R. v. Terceira (J.), [1999] 3 S.C.R. 866; 250 N.R. 98; 129 O.A.C. 283; 32 C.R.(5th) 77; 1999 CarswellOnt 4027, refd to. [para. 532, footnote 137].

R. v. Lafferty, [1993] N.W.T.R. 218; [1993] 4 W.W.R. 74; 80 C.C.C.(3d) 150; 1993 CarswellNWT 49 (S.C.), refd to. [para. 532, footnote 138].

R. v. Legere (A.J.) (1994), 156 N.B.R.(2d) 321; 401 A.P.R. 321; 95 C.C.C.(3d) 139; 35 C.R.(4th) 1; 1994 CarswellNB 8 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 532, footnote 139].

R. v. Fisher (L.), [2004] 6 W.W.R. 647; 238 Sask.R. 91; 305 W.A.C. 91; 179 C.C.C.(3d) 138; 18 C.R.(6th) 377; 2003 CarswellSask 627; 2003 SKCA 90, leave to appeal denied (2004), 332 N.R. 394; 269 Sask.R. 289; 257 W.A.C. 289; 2004 CarswellSask 568 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 532, footnote 140].

R. v. Allender (B.W.F.), [1997] 2 S.C.R. 333; 214 N.R. 296; 94 B.C.A.C. 161; 152 W.A.C. 161; 117 C.C.C.(3d) 1; 1997 CarswellBC 1515, refd to. [para. 533, footnote 141].

Counsel:

Marilena Carminati and Kimberly Goddard, for the Crown;

Arnold E.F. Piragoff, Q.C., and Sarah DeSouza, for the defendant.

This voir dire was heard on February 28, 2005 to March 10, 2005, before Watson, J., of the Alberta Court of Queen's Bench, Judicial District of Edmonton, who delivered the following decision on April 5, 2005.