R. v. Ferris (T.L.), (1998) 108 B.C.A.C. 244 (CA)

JudgeFinch, Ryan and Newbury, JJ.A.
CourtCourt of Appeal (British Columbia)
Case DateJune 15, 1998
JurisdictionBritish Columbia
Citations(1998), 108 B.C.A.C. 244 (CA);1998 CanLII 5926 (BC CA);162 DLR (4th) 87;[1998] 9 WWR 14;50 BCLR (3d) 109;126 CCC (3d) 298;16 CR (5th) 287;108 BCAC 244;[1998] CarswellBC 1300;[1998] BCJ No 1415 (QL);176 WAC 244;54 CRR (2d) 62

R. v. Ferris (T.L.) (1998), 108 B.C.A.C. 244 (CA);

   176 W.A.C. 244

MLB headnote and full text

Temp. Cite: [1998] B.C.A.C. TBEd. JL.040

Regina (appellant) v. Tammy Lynn Ferris (respondent)

(CA021944)

Indexed As: R. v. Ferris (T.L.)

British Columbia Court of Appeal

Finch, Ryan and Newbury, JJ.A.

June 15, 1998.

Summary:

The accused was acquitted on a charge of possession of cocaine for the purpose of trafficking. The Crown appealed.

The British Columbia Court of Appeal allowed the appeal and ordered a new trial.

Civil Rights - Topic 1214

Security of the person - Lawful or reason­able search - Searches incidental to arrest or detention - [See both Police - Topic 3188 ].

Civil Rights - Topic 1410.2

Security of the person - Law enforcement - Investigation - [See Police - Topic 3086 ].

Police - Topic 3086

Powers - Arrest and detention - Detention for investigative purposes - Police stopped a vehicle displaying stolen licence plates - The driver fled - Police conducted an "investigative detention" of the accused passenger (a detention intended to be brief, for the purpose of investigating a crime that the police believed to have just occurred or was in progress, and under­taken for purposes other than the discovery of contraband) - The British Columbia Court of Appeal held that the police had power to detain the passenger for "articul­able cause" - See paragraphs 29 to 40.

Police - Topic 3188

Powers - Search - Weapons search of persons - The British Columbia Court of Appeal held that in proper circumstances, police were entitled, if they were justified in believing that the person stopped was carrying a weapon, to search for weapons as an incident to an investigative stop - See paragraphs 41 to 55.

Police - Topic 3188

Powers - Search - Weapons search of persons - Police stopped a vehicle dis­play­ing stolen licence plates - The driver fled - Police conducted an "investigative deten­tion" of the accused passenger for "articul­able cause" - The British Columbia Court of Appeal held that police were entitled to "pat down" the passenger in a search for weapons - This included a search of the waist pack worn by the passenger - See paragraphs 56 to 60.

Cases Noticed:

R. v. Simpson (R.) (1993), 60 O.A.C. 327; 79 C.C.C.(3d) 482 (C.A.), refd to. [paras. 4, 68].

R. v. Dupuis (W.J.) (1994), 162 A.R. 197; 83 W.A.C. 197 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 4].

R. v. Lake (J.D.) (1996), 148 Sask.R. 307; 134 W.A.C. 307; 113 C.C.C.(3d) 208 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 4].

R. v. Burke (A.) (1997), 153 Nfld. & P.E.I.R. 91; 475 A.P.R. 91; 118 C.C.C.(3d) 59 (Nfld. C.A.), refd to. [para. 4].

R. v. C.M.G. (1996), 113 Man.R.(2d) 76; 131 W.A.C. 76 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 4].

R. v. McAuley (R.P.) and Smith (D.J.) (1998), 126 Man.R.(2d) 202; 167 W.A.C. 202 (C.A.), consd. [para. 4]; refd to. [para. 68].

R. v. Chabot (G.A.) (1993), 126 N.S.R.(2d) 355; 352 A.P.R. 355; 86 C.C.C.(3d) 309 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 4].

R. v. Pigeon (J.-G.) (1993), 59 Q.A.C. 103 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 4].

R. v. Klimchuk (A.W.) (1991), 4 B.C.A.C. 26; 9 W.A.C. 26; 67 C.C.C.(3d) 385 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 5].

Southam Inc. v. Hunter, [1984] 2 S.C.R. 145; 55 N.R. 241; 55 A.R. 291; [1984] 6 W.W.R. 577; 9 C.R.R. 355; 14 C.C.C.(3d) 97; 41 C.R.(3d) 97; 33 Alta. L.R.(2d) 193; 27 B.L.R. 297; 84 D.T.C. 6467; 2 C.P.R.(3d) 1; 11 D.L.R.(4th) 641, refd to. [para. 25].

R. v. Stevens (1983), 58 N.S.R.(2d) 413; 123 A.P.R. 413; 7 C.C.C.(3d) 260 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 26].

R. v. Collins, [1987] 1 S.C.R. 265; 74 N.R. 276; [1987] 3 W.W.R. 699; 56 C.R.(3d) 193; 38 D.L.R.(4th) 508; 33 C.C.C.(3d) 1; 13 B.C.L.R.(2d) 1; 28 C.R.R. 122, refd to. [para. 28].

R. v. Stillman (W.W.D.), [1997] 1 S.C.R. 607; 209 N.R. 81; 185 N.B.R.(2d) 1; 472 A.P.R. 1; 113 C.C.C.(3d) 321, refd to. [para. 28].

R. v. Waterfield, [1963] 3 All E.R. 659; [1964] 1 Q.B. 164 (C.C.A.), refd to. [paras. 32, 68].

R. v. Stenning, [1970] S.C.R. 631; [1970] 3 C.C.C. 145, refd to. [para. 32].

R. v. Knowlton, [1974] S.C.R. 443; 10 C.C.C.(2d) 377, refd to. [para. 32].

R. v. Moore, [1979] 1 S.C.R. 195; 24 N.R. 181; 43 C.C.C.(2d) 83, refd to. [para. 32].

R. v. Dedman, [1985] 2 S.C.R. 2; 60 N.R. 34; 11 O.A.C. 241; 46 C.R.(3d) 193; 20 C.C.C.(3d) 97; 34 M.V.R. 1, refd to. [para. 33].

Terry v. Ohio (1968), 392 U.S. 1; 88 S. Ct. 1868; 20 L. Ed.2d 889 (Sup. Ct.), refd to. [paras. 37, 68].

United States v. Cortez (1981), 449 U.S. 411; 101 S. Ct. 690 (Sup. Ct.), refd to. [para. 37].

United States v. Sokolow (1989), 490 U.S. 1; 109 S. Ct. 1581; 104 L. Ed.2d 1 (Sup. Ct.), refd to. [para. 39].

R. v. Waniandy (K.G.) (1995), 162 A.R. 293; 83 W.A.C. 293 (C.A.), refd to. [paras. 44, 68].

R. v. Lee (1993), 16 C.R.R.(2d) 348 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 44].

R. v. Mellenthin, [1992] 3 S.C.R. 615; 144 N.R. 50; 135 A.R. 1; 33 W.A.C. 1; [1993] 1 W.W.R. 193; 5 Alta. L.R.(3d) 232; 76 C.C.C.(3d) 481; 16 C.R.(4th) 273; 12 C.R.R.(2d) 65; 40 M.V.R.(2d) 204, refd to. [para. 46].

Long v. Michigan (1989), 463 U.S. 1032; 103 S. Ct. 3469; 77 L. Ed.2d 1201 (Sup. Ct.), consd. [para. 59]; refd to. [para. 68].

Cloutier v. Langlois and Bédard, [1990] 1 S.C.R. 158; 105 N.R. 241; 30 Q.A.C. 241; 53 C.C.C.(3d) 257; 74 C.R.(3d) 316; 46 C.R.R. 37, refd to. [para. 67].

R. v. Lewis (D.E.) (1998), 107 O.A.C. 46; 122 C.C.C.(3d) 481 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 68].

Statutes Noticed:

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 1982, sect. 8 [para. 2].

Authors and Works Noticed:

Canada, Law Reform Commission, Arrest, Working Paper No. 41 (1985), pp. 37 [para. 31, footnote 2]; 39 [para. 34].

Counsel:

S.D. Frankel, Q.C., for the appellant;

S.R. Buck, for the respondent.

This appeal was heard at Vancouver, British Columbia, on June 23, 1997, before Finch, Ryan and Newbury, JJ.A., of the British Columbia Court of Appeal.

On June 15, 1998, the judgment was delivered by the Court of Appeal and the following opinions were filed:

Ryan, J.A. (Newbury, J.A., concurring) - see paragraphs 1 to 65;

Finch, J.A. - see paragraphs 66 to 79.

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