R. v. McCoy, (1991) 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36 (PC)

JudgeHarper, P.C.J.
CourtProvincial Court of New Brunswick (Canada)
Case DateJanuary 30, 1991
JurisdictionNew Brunswick
Citations(1991), 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36 (PC)

R. v. McCoy (1991), 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36 (PC);

    113 R.N.-B.(2e) 36; 285 A.P.R. 36

MLB headnote and full text

[French language version follows English language version]

[La version française vient à la suite de la version anglaise]

....................

Her Majesty The Queen (plaintiff) v. Leslie McCoy (accused)

Indexed As: R. v. McCoy

New Brunswick Provincial Court

Harper, P.C.J.

January 30, 1991.

Summary:

The accused Maliseet was charged with hunting at night with a light contrary to s. 33(1)(b) of the Fish and Wildlife Act, S.N.B. 1980, c. F-14.1. The offence occurred on non-reserve rural land.

The New Brunswick Provincial Court acquitted the accused and held that in New Brunswick Maliseets were entitled to hunt without a licence requirement or restriction on season or hour of the day anywhere that it would be lawful for any non-treaty li­cenced hunter to hunt.

Fish and Game - Topic 801

Indian and Inuit rights - General principles - Right to hunt off reserves - The New Brunswick Provincial Court held that a Maliseet in New Brunswick is at liberty to hunt anywhere without requirement as to licence or restriction as to season or hour of the day that it would be lawful for any non-treaty licenced hunter to hunt - Therefore, the court acquitted a Maliseet of hunting at night with a light on non-reserve rural land.

Fish and Game - Topic 806

Indian and Inuit rights - General principles - Scope of rights - Limitations - Hunting or fishing seasons or times - [See Fish and Game - Topic 801 ].

Fish and Game - Topic 2401

Hunting offences - With a light - General - The New Brunswick Provincial Court rejected the notion that hunting at night with a light is inherently dangerous and thereby illegal - See paragraphs 7, 41, 44 to 49.

Fish and Game - Topic 2401

Hunting offences - With a light - General - [See Fish and Game - Topic 801 ].

Indians, Inuit and Métis - Topic 4406

Treaties and proclamations - When appli­cable - The New Brunswick Provincial Court relied on the Supreme Court of Canada trilogy in R. v. Simon, R. v. Spar­row and R. v. Sioui in ruling that the Treaties of 1725 and 1726 and the Procla­mation of 1763 conferred hunting and fishing rights on the Maliseets of New Brunswick.

Cases Noticed:

R. v. Polchies; R. v. Paul; R. v. Paul and Paul (1981), 37 N.B.R.(2d) 546; 97 A.P.R. 546 (P.C.), overruled 39 N.B.R.(2d) 62; 103 A.P.R. 62 (Q.B.), 43 N.B.R.(2d) 449; 113 A.P.R. 449 (C.A.), consd. [paras. 8, 50].

R. v. Simon (1958), 43 M.P.R. 101; 124 C.C.C. 110 (N.B.C.A.), refd to. [paras. 10, 29].

R. v. Francis, [1970] 3 C.C.C. 165; 10 D.L.R.(3d) 189 (N.B.C.A.), refd to. [paras. 10, 29].

R. v. Paul (1980), 30 N.B.R.(2d) 545; 70 A.P.R. 545; 54 C.C.C.(2d) 506, refd to. [paras. 10, 29].

R. v. Polchies et al. (1982), 39 N.B.R.(2d) 62; 103 A.P.R. 62, refd to. [para. 10].

R. v. Paul et al. (1982), 43 N.B.R.(2d) 449; 113 A.P.R. 449, refd to. [para. 10].

R. v. Augustine et al.; R. v. Barlow (1987), 74 N.B.R.(2d) 156; 187 A.P.R. 156, disapprvd. [para. 11].

R. v. Paul (John E.) and Paul (Melvin C.) (1987), 80 N.B.R.(2d) 1; 202 A.P.R. 1, dist. [para. 11].

R. v. Simon, [1985] 2 S.C.R. 387; 62 N.R. 366; 71 N.S.R.(2d) 15; 171 A.P.R. 15; 23 C.C.C.(3d) 238; [1986] C.N.L.R. 153, appld. [para. 12].

R. v. Isaac (1975), 13 N.S.R.(2d) 460; 9 A.P.R. 460, refd to. [para. 18].

R. v. Denny et al. (1990), 94 N.S.R.(2d) 253; 247 A.P.R. 253; 55 C.C.C.(3d) 322, appld. [para. 18].

R. v. Sylliboy, [1929] 1 D.L.R. 307, dis­apprvd. [para. 26].

R. v. Cope (1982), 49 N.S.R.(2d) 555; 96 A.P.R. 555; 132 D.L.R.(3d) 36 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 29].

R. v. Atwin and Sacobie, [1981] 2 C.N.L.R. 99 (N.B. Prov. Ct.), refd to. [para. 29].

R. v. Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, [1982] All E.R. 118 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 29].

R. v. Paul and Polchies, [1986] C.N.L.R. 105; 58 N.B.R.(2d) 297; 151 A.P.R. 297 (Prov. Ct.), refd to. [para. 29].

R. v. Bartleman (1984), 55 B.C.L.R. 79 (C.A.), consd. [para. 43].

R. v. Prince and Myron (1963), 46 W.W.R.(N.S.) 121, consd. [para. 45].

R. v. Maple, [1982] 2 C.N.L.R. 181, folld. [para. 48].

R. v. Sparrow (1986), 36 D.L.R.(4th) 246, affd. 111 N.R. 241; 56 C.C.C.(3d) 263 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 82].

R. v. Sparrow (1990), 111 N.R. 241; 56 C.C.C.(3d) 263, appld. [para. 85].

R. v. Sioui (1990), 109 N.R. 22; 30 Q.A.C. 2 (S.C.C.), appld. [para. 90].

R. v. Taylor and Williams (1981), 62 C.C.C.(2d) 227, consd. [para. 100].

R. v. Horse; R. v. Standingwater, [1988] 1 S.C.R. 187; 82 N.R. 206; 65 Sask.R. 176; 39 C.C.C.(2d) 97, refd to. [para. 102].

R. v. White and Bob (1964), 50 D.L.R.(2d) 613, refd to. [para. 103].

Statutes Noticed:

Belcher's Proclamation - see Proclamation of 1763.

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 1982, sect. 24(1) [para. 80].

Constitution Act, 1982, sect. 35(1) [para. 75].

Fish and Wildlife Act, S.N.B. 1980, c. F-14.1, sect. 33(1)(b) [para. 49].

Indian Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-5, sect. 88 [para. 98].

Proclamation of 1763 (Belcher's Proclama­tion) [para. 106].

Treaty of 1725 [para. 7].

Treaty of 1726 [para. 7].

Treaty of 1752 [para. 15].

Authors and Works Noticed:

Bell, D.G., R. v. Simon Comment (1986), 2 N.B. Solicitors' Journal 17 [paras. 14, 71].

Hogg, Constitutional Law of Canada (2nd Ed. 1985), p. 563 [para. 78].

Slatterly, Brian, The Constitutional Guar­antee of Aboriginal and Treaty Rights, 8 Queen's L.J. 232 [para. 77].

Counsel:

Keith McCormick, for the Crown;

Ronald Gaffney, for the accused.

This case was heard at Fredericton, New Brunswick, before Harper, P.C.J., of the New Brunswick Provincial Court, who delivered the following judgment on January 30, 1991.

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4 practice notes
  • R. v. Paul (P.J.), (1993) 139 N.B.R.(2d) 359 (PC)
    • Canada
    • New Brunswick Provincial Court of New Brunswick (Canada)
    • September 20, 1993
    ...C.C.C.(2d) 225 (S.C.C.), appld. [para. 4]. R. v. White and Bob (1965), 50 D.L.R.(2d) 613 (B.C.C.A.), appld. [para. 4]. R. v. McCoy (1991), 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36; 285 A.P.R. 36 (Prov. Ct.), affd. 127 N.B.R.(2d) 328; 319 A.P.R. 328 (T.D.), appld. [paras. 5, 6]. R. v. Sparrow (1990), 111 N.R. 241;......
  • R. v. McCoy, (1992) 127 N.B.R.(2d) 328 (TD)
    • Canada
    • New Brunswick Court of Queen's Bench of New Brunswick (Canada)
    • June 6, 1991
    ...Act, S.N.B. 1980, c. F-14.1. The offence occurred on non-reserve rural land. The New Brunswick Provincial Court in a judgment reported 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36; 285 A.P.R. 36, acquitted the accused and held that in New Brunswick Maliseets were entitled to hunt without a licence requirement or rest......
  • R. v. McCoy, (1993) 141 N.B.R.(2d) 185 (CA)
    • Canada
    • New Brunswick Court of Appeal (New Brunswick)
    • November 25, 1993
    ...1980, c. F-14.1. The alleged offence occurred on non-reserve rural land. The New Brunswick Provincial Court, in a decision reported at 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36; 285 A.P.R. 36 , acquitted the accused and held that in New Brunswick Maliseets were entitled to hunt without a licence requirement or re......
  • R. v. Paul (D.) et al., (1993) 142 N.B.R.(2d) 55 (CA)
    • Canada
    • New Brunswick Court of Appeal (New Brunswick)
    • December 16, 1993
    ...whether the treaty right, based on the evidence, was exercised safely - See paragraphs 1 to 21. Cases Noticed: R. v. McCoy (1991), 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36; 285 A.P.R. 36 (Prov. Ct.), overruled [para. 4]. R. v. Paul (1980), 30 N.B.R.(2d) 545; 70 A.P.R. 545 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 11]. R. v. Simon,......
4 cases
  • R. v. Paul (P.J.), (1993) 139 N.B.R.(2d) 359 (PC)
    • Canada
    • New Brunswick Provincial Court of New Brunswick (Canada)
    • September 20, 1993
    ...C.C.C.(2d) 225 (S.C.C.), appld. [para. 4]. R. v. White and Bob (1965), 50 D.L.R.(2d) 613 (B.C.C.A.), appld. [para. 4]. R. v. McCoy (1991), 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36; 285 A.P.R. 36 (Prov. Ct.), affd. 127 N.B.R.(2d) 328; 319 A.P.R. 328 (T.D.), appld. [paras. 5, 6]. R. v. Sparrow (1990), 111 N.R. 241;......
  • R. v. McCoy, (1992) 127 N.B.R.(2d) 328 (TD)
    • Canada
    • New Brunswick Court of Queen's Bench of New Brunswick (Canada)
    • June 6, 1991
    ...Act, S.N.B. 1980, c. F-14.1. The offence occurred on non-reserve rural land. The New Brunswick Provincial Court in a judgment reported 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36; 285 A.P.R. 36, acquitted the accused and held that in New Brunswick Maliseets were entitled to hunt without a licence requirement or rest......
  • R. v. McCoy, (1993) 141 N.B.R.(2d) 185 (CA)
    • Canada
    • New Brunswick Court of Appeal (New Brunswick)
    • November 25, 1993
    ...1980, c. F-14.1. The alleged offence occurred on non-reserve rural land. The New Brunswick Provincial Court, in a decision reported at 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36; 285 A.P.R. 36 , acquitted the accused and held that in New Brunswick Maliseets were entitled to hunt without a licence requirement or re......
  • R. v. Paul (D.) et al., (1993) 142 N.B.R.(2d) 55 (CA)
    • Canada
    • New Brunswick Court of Appeal (New Brunswick)
    • December 16, 1993
    ...whether the treaty right, based on the evidence, was exercised safely - See paragraphs 1 to 21. Cases Noticed: R. v. McCoy (1991), 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36; 285 A.P.R. 36 (Prov. Ct.), overruled [para. 4]. R. v. Paul (1980), 30 N.B.R.(2d) 545; 70 A.P.R. 545 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 11]. R. v. Simon,......

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