R. v. Paul and Polchies, (1984) 58 N.B.R.(2d) 297 (PC)

JudgeHarper, J.
CourtProvincial Court of New Brunswick (Canada)
Case DateOctober 02, 1984
JurisdictionNew Brunswick
Citations(1984), 58 N.B.R.(2d) 297 (PC)

R. v. Paul (1984), 58 N.B.R.(2d) 297 (PC);

    58 R.N.-B.(2e) 297; 151 A.P.R. 297

MLB headnote and full text

Sommaire et texte intégral

[French language version follows English language version]

[La version française vient à la suite de la version anglaise]

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R. v. Paul and Polchies

Indexed As: R. v. Paul and Polchies

Répertorié: R. v. Paul and Polchies

New Brunswick Provincial Court

Harper, J.

October 2, 1984.

Summary:

Résumé:

Two Maliseet Indians from the St. John's Tribe were charged with an offence under the Fish and Wildlife Act.

The New Brunswick Provincial Court found the accused not guilty and held, inter alia, that because of the Treaty of 1726 and other agreements, these Indians were guaranteed a right to hunt and fish and were not subject to the Fish and Wildlife Act.

Courts - Topic 126

Stare decisis - Authority of judicial decisions - Court of superior jurisdiction - Decisions binding on provincial courts - The New Brunswick Provincial Court held that it was not bound by three decisions of the New Brunswick Court of Appeal where the panels were "per incuriam" of many relevant documents discovered since the appeal decisions were rendered - See paragraphs 26, 52 to 69.

Fish and Game - Topic 843

Indian rights - Right to hunt for food - Extent of right - Two Maliseet Indians from the St. John's Tribe were charged with possession of a firearm at night in a resort of wildlife contrary to the Fish and Wildlife Act - The New Brunswick Provincial Court found the Indians not guilty - The court traced the origin and history of the Treaty of 1726 and held that this and other agreements guaranteed these Indians a right to hunt and fish anywhere in New Brunswick and that the Indians were not subject to the Fish and Wildlife Act - See paragraphs 1 to 69.

Fish and Game - Topic 974

Fish and game - Right to fish - Exemption from fishing laws - Scope of - The New Brunswick Court held that Maliseet Indians from the St. John's tribe were not subject to the Fish and Wildlife Act (N.B.) - See paragraphs 1 to 69.

Indians, Inuit and Métis - Topic 4408

Treaties and proclamations - Where applicable - Treaty of 1726 - The New Brunswick Provincial Court traced the origin and history of the Treaty of 1726 and held that the treaty existed at present and had never been abrogated - See paragraphs 22 to 69.

Indians, Inuit and Métis - Topic 4410

Treaties and proclamations - Interpretation - The New Brunswick Provincial Court adopted the position that treaties relating to Indian Rights should be given their widest interpretation in favour of the Indians - See paragraphs 13 to 21.

Cases Noticed:

R. v. Jorden, [1964] 2 C.C.C. 243 (N.B.C.A.), refd to. [para. 4].

R. v. Kruger and Manuel, [1978] 1 S.C.R. 104; 15 N.R. 495; 34 C.C.C.(2d) 377, refd to. [para. 8].

R. v. Paul (1980), 30 N.B.R.(2d) 545; 70 A.P.R. 545; 54 C.C.C.(2d) 506, not folld. [paras. 10, 26, 52 and 66].

R. v. White and Bob, 50 D.L.R.(2d) 613, affd. 52 D.L.R.(2d) 481 (S.C.C.) folld. [para. 14].

Worchester v. Georgia (1832), 8 L.Ed. 512, folld. [para. 19].

R. v. Taylor and Williams (1982), 62 C.C.C.(2d) 227, refd to. [paras. 21, 47].

R. v. Polchies and Paul; R. v. Paul and Paul (1982), 37 N.B.R.(2d) 546; 97 A.P.R. 546 (Prov. Ct.), revd. 39 N.B.R.(2d) 62; 103 A.P.R. 62 (N.B.Q.B.T.D.), affd. 43 N.B.R.(2d) 449; 113 A.P.R. 449 (N.B.C.A.), refd to. [paras. 45, 49].

R. v. Simon (1958), 43 M.P.R. 101, not folld. [paras. 52, 66].

R. v. Francis, [1970] 3 C.C.C. 165, not folld [paras. 52, 66].

Statutes Noticed:

Fish and Wildlife Act, S.N.B. 1980, c. F-14.1.

Indian Act, R.S.C. 1970, c. I-6, sect. 88 [para. 12].

Treaty of 1725.

Treaty of 1726 [para. 22 et seq.].

Treaty of 1749.

Treaty of 1778 [para. 46].

Royal Proclamation of 1763.

Authors and Works Noticed:

Osborn's Concise Law Dictionary (3rd Ed. 1947), p. 237 [para. 67].

Counsel:

Graydon Nicholas, for Paul and Polchies;

Keith McCormick, for the Crown.

This case was heard before Harper, J., of the New Brunswick Provincial Court, who delivered the following decision on October 2, 1984:

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5 practice notes
  • R. v. Simon, (1985) 62 N.R. 366 (SCC)
    • Canada
    • Canada (Federal) Supreme Court (Canada)
    • 21 de novembro de 1985
    ...Sect. of ex parte Indian Assoc. of Alta. and Others, [1982] 2 All E.R. 118 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 22]. R. v. Paul and Polchies (1984), 58 N.B.R.(2d) 297; 151 A.P.R. 297 (P.C.), folld. [paras. 22, 48, Nowegijick v. Minister of National Revenue, [1983] 1 S.C.R. 29 ; 46 N.R. 41 , appld.......
  • R. v. McCoy, (1991) 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36 (PC)
    • Canada
    • New Brunswick Provincial Court of New Brunswick (Canada)
    • 30 de janeiro de 1991
    ...for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, [1982] All E.R. 118 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 29]. R. v. Paul and Polchies, [1986] C.N.L.R. 105; 58 N.B.R.(2d) 297; 151 A.P.R. 297 (Prov. Ct.), refd to. [para. R. v. Bartleman (1984), 55 B.C.L.R. 79 (C.A.), consd. [para. 43]. R. v. Prince and Myron ......
  • R. v. Simon, (1985) 71 N.S.R.(2d) 15 (SCC)
    • Canada
    • Canada (Federal) Supreme Court (Canada)
    • 21 de novembro de 1985
    ...Sect. of ex parte Indian Assoc. of Alta. and Others, [1982] 2 All E.R. 118 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 22]. R. v. Paul and Polchies (1984), 58 N.B.R.(2d) 297; 151 A.P.R. 297 (P.C.), folld. [paras. 22, 48, Nowegijick v. Minister of National Revenue, [1983] 1 S.C.R. 29 ; 46 N.R. 41 , appld.......
  • R. v. Reynolds, 2017 NBCA 36
    • Canada
    • Court of Appeal (New Brunswick)
    • 31 de agosto de 2017
    ...are not subject to prosecution under provincial law for alleged hunting or trading offences (R. v. Paul and Polchies (1984), 58 N.B.R. (2d) 297, [1984] N.B.J. No. 336; R. v. Muise (W.T.) (2000), 227 N.B.R. (2d) 95, [2000] N.B.J. No. 229; and Henry V. Smith v. Her Majesty the Queen, 2013 NBQ......
  • Request a trial to view additional results
5 cases
  • R. v. Simon, (1985) 62 N.R. 366 (SCC)
    • Canada
    • Canada (Federal) Supreme Court (Canada)
    • 21 de novembro de 1985
    ...Sect. of ex parte Indian Assoc. of Alta. and Others, [1982] 2 All E.R. 118 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 22]. R. v. Paul and Polchies (1984), 58 N.B.R.(2d) 297; 151 A.P.R. 297 (P.C.), folld. [paras. 22, 48, Nowegijick v. Minister of National Revenue, [1983] 1 S.C.R. 29 ; 46 N.R. 41 , appld.......
  • R. v. McCoy, (1991) 113 N.B.R.(2d) 36 (PC)
    • Canada
    • New Brunswick Provincial Court of New Brunswick (Canada)
    • 30 de janeiro de 1991
    ...for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, [1982] All E.R. 118 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 29]. R. v. Paul and Polchies, [1986] C.N.L.R. 105; 58 N.B.R.(2d) 297; 151 A.P.R. 297 (Prov. Ct.), refd to. [para. R. v. Bartleman (1984), 55 B.C.L.R. 79 (C.A.), consd. [para. 43]. R. v. Prince and Myron ......
  • R. v. Simon, (1985) 71 N.S.R.(2d) 15 (SCC)
    • Canada
    • Canada (Federal) Supreme Court (Canada)
    • 21 de novembro de 1985
    ...Sect. of ex parte Indian Assoc. of Alta. and Others, [1982] 2 All E.R. 118 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 22]. R. v. Paul and Polchies (1984), 58 N.B.R.(2d) 297; 151 A.P.R. 297 (P.C.), folld. [paras. 22, 48, Nowegijick v. Minister of National Revenue, [1983] 1 S.C.R. 29 ; 46 N.R. 41 , appld.......
  • R. v. Reynolds, 2017 NBCA 36
    • Canada
    • Court of Appeal (New Brunswick)
    • 31 de agosto de 2017
    ...are not subject to prosecution under provincial law for alleged hunting or trading offences (R. v. Paul and Polchies (1984), 58 N.B.R. (2d) 297, [1984] N.B.J. No. 336; R. v. Muise (W.T.) (2000), 227 N.B.R. (2d) 95, [2000] N.B.J. No. 229; and Henry V. Smith v. Her Majesty the Queen, 2013 NBQ......
  • Request a trial to view additional results

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