Commercial Union Life Assurance Co. of Canada v. Ingle (John) Insurance Group Inc. et al., [2000] O.T.C. 650 (SupCt)

• Judge: Stinson, J.
• Court: Superior Court of Justice of Ontario (Canada)
• Case Date: September 06, 2000
• Jurisdiction: Ontario
• Citations: [2000] O.T.C. 650 (SupCt)

Commercial Union Life v. Ingle Ins., [2000] O.T.C. 650 (SupCt)

MLB headnote and full text

Temp. Cite: [2000] O.T.C. TBEd. SE.027

Commercial Union Life Assurance Company of Canada (plaintiff) v. John Ingle Insurance Group Inc., JIIG Holdings Inc., Ingle Insurance Brokers Inc., HSP Direct Health Insurance Brokers Inc., M.H.I. Brokers Ltd., Insurance Claims Management Systems Inc., John Dwight Ingle, Steven Michael Overgaard and ICMS Canada Inc. (defendants)

(98-CV-158672CM)

Indexed As: Commercial Union Life Assurance Co. of Canada v. Ingle (John) Insurance Group Inc. et al.

Court of Ontario

Superior Court of Justice

Stinson, J.

September 6, 2000 and January 9, 2001.

Summary:

This headnote contains no summary.

Company Law - Topic 4187

Directors - Liability of directors - For breach of trust - See paragraphs 360 to 369.

Contracts - Topic 1144

Formation of contract - Signing - Failure to sign - Effect of - See paragraphs 136 to 140.

Contracts - Topic 1508

Formation of contract - Consensus or agreement - Intention - Inference of - From conduct - See paragraphs 138 to 140.

Contracts - Topic 2283

Terms - Conditions precedent - Waiver - See paragraph 157.

Damage Awards - Topic 2029.1

Exemplary or punitive damages - Breach of trust (incl. conversion of trust funds) - See paragraphs 373 - 380.

Damages - Topic 7401

Contracts - Quantum meruit - General - See paragraph 232.

Insurance - Topic 1207

The insurance contract - The premium - General - Trusts - See paragraphs 241 to 324.

Practice - Topic 1843

Pleadings - Counterclaim and set-off - Set-off - Circumstances when set-off can or cannot be claimed - See paragraphs 328 to 335.

Practice - Topic 7155

Costs - Liability for party and party costs - Bullock order or Sanderson order - Where success divided - See paragraphs 417 to 422.

Practice - Topic 7470.12

Costs - Solicitor and client costs - Entitlement to solicitor and client costs - Where punitive damages awarded - See paragraphs 402 and 403.

Trusts - Topic 325

Creation of trust - Methods of creation - By agreement - General - See paragraphs 288 to 317.

Trusts - Topic 328

Creation of trust - Methods of creation - By statute - See paragraphs 241 to 287.

Trusts - Topic 354

Creation of trust - Intention - Certainty of intention - See paragraph 290.

Trusts - Topic 372

Creation of trust - Purpose or object - Certainty of objects - See paragraphs 288 to 317.

Trusts - Topic 2310

Constructive trusts - General principles - Circumstances when not imposed - See paragraphs 318 to 327.

Trusts - Topic 4089

Administration - Powers of trustee - Set-off - See paragraphs 328 to 335.

Trusts - Topic 6155

The trustee - Breach of trust - Remedies - Damages - See paragraphs 336 to 382.

Cases Noticed:

Kernwood Ltd. v. Renegade Capital Corp. (1997), 97 O.A.C. 3 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 136].

Smith v. Hughes (1871), L.R. 6 Q.B. 597, refd to. [para. 138].

Saint John Tug Boat Co. v. Irving Refinery Ltd. (1964), 46 D.L.R.(2d) 1 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 138].

Turney v. Zhilka, [1959] S.C.R. 578, refd to. [para. 157].

Barnet v. Harrison et al. (1976), 5 N.R. 131; 57 D.L.R.(3d) 225 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 157].

Morrison-Knudsen Co. v. British Columbia Hydro and Power Authority (1978), 85 D.L.R.(3d) 186 (B.C.C.A.), refd to. [para. 232].

Komorowski v. Van Weel (1993), 12 O.R.(3d) 444 (Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 232].

Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Co. et al. v. Toronto-Dominion Bank (1998), 60 O.T.C. 11 (Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 277].

Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Co. et al. v. Toronto-Dominion Bank (1999), 118 O.A.C. 149; 44 O.R.(3d) 97 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 279].

Canadian Pacific Air Lines Ltd. v. Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (1987), 61 O.R.(2d) 233 (H.C.), affd. (1990), 71 O.R.(2d) 63 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 300].

Citadel General Life Assurance Co. et al. v. Lloyd's Bank of Canada et al., [1997] 3 S.C.R. 805; 219 N.R. 323; 206 A.R. 321; 156 W.A.C. 321; 152 D.L.R.(4th) 411, refd to. [para. 304].

Air Canada v. M & L Travel Ltd., Martin and Valliant, [1993] 3 S.C.R. 787; 159 N.R. 1; 67 O.A.C. 1; 108 D.L.R.(4th) 592; 50 E.T.R. 225, refd to. [para. 305].

Soulos v. Korkontzilas et al., [1997] 2 S.C.R. 217; 212 N.R. 1; 100 O.A.C. 241; 146 D.L.R.(4th) 214, refd to. [para. 319].

McMahon v. Canada Permanent Trust Co. (1979), 108 D.L.R.(3d) 71 (B.C.C.A.), refd to. [para. 331].

Anderson Greene & Co. v. Kickley, [1934] S.C.R. 388, refd to. [para. 332].

Crown Life Insurance Co. v. Medipac International Inc. (1996), 3 O.T.C. 62 (Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 333].

Wilson (Paal) & Co. A/S v. Blumenthal, [1983] 1 All E.R. 34 (H.L.), refd to. [para. 353].

Whiten v. Pilot Insurance Co. et al. (1999), 117 O.A.C. 201; 42 O.R.(3d) 641 (C.A.), leave to appeal granted (1999), 249 N.R. 342; 130 O.A.C. 199 (S.C.C.), refd to. [para. 374].

Vorvis v. Insurance Corp. of British Columbia, [1989] 1 S.C.R. 1085; 94 N.R. 321; 58 D.L.R.(4th) 193; [1989] 4 W.W.R. 218; 36 B.C.L.R.(2d) 273; 90 C.L.L.C. 14,035; 25 C.C.E.L. 81, refd to. [para. 378].

Mortimer et al. v. Cameron et al. (1994), 68 O.A.C. 383; 17 O.R.(3d) 1 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 397].

Beaver Lumber Co. v. 222044 Ontario Ltd., [1996] O.J. No. 3294 (Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 398].

Bargman v. Rooney et al. (1998), 83 O.T.C. 345; 30 C.P.C.(4th) 259 (Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 398].

Bisyk (No. 2), Re (1980), 32 O.R.(2d) 281 (H.C.), refd to. [para. 398].

Murano v. Bank of Montreal, [1995] O.J. No. 1434 (Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 403].

Whiten v. Pilot Insurance Co. (1996), 132 D.L.R.(4th) 568 (Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 403].

Stevens v. Globe & Mail et al. (1996), 90 O.A.C. 361; 28 O.R.(3d) 481 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 408].

Nichols Gravel Ltd. v. Delhi (Township) et al. (1997), 27 O.T.C. 74 (Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 410].

Levy-Russell Ltd. v. Tecmotiv Inc. (1994), 13 B.L.R.(2d) 1 (Ont. Gen. Div.), refd to. [para. 418].

Mortimer et al. v. Cameron et al. (1992), 12 C.P.C.(3d) 284 (Ont. Gen. Div.), affd. (1994), 68 O.A.C. 332; 17 O.R.(3d) 1 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 418].

Hague et al. v. Billings et al. (1989), 68 O.R.(2d) 321; 17 A.C.W.S.(3d) 380 (Gen. Div.), affd. (1993), 64 O.A.C. 219; 102 D.L.R.(4th) 44 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 418].

Imperial Salmon House Ltd. v. Krdzalic (1983), 37 C.P.C. 152 (B.C.S.C.), refd to. [para. 419].

Statutes Noticed:

Insurance Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. I-8, sect. 1 [para. 243]; sect. 402(1) [para. 241].

Authors and Works Noticed:

Fridman, Gerald Henry Louis, The Law of Restitution in Canada (2nd Ed. 1990), p. 160 [para. 191].

Maddaugh, Peter D., and McCamus, John D., The Law of Restitution in Canada (1990), c. 21, pp. 467 to 471, 473 [para. 192].

Orkin, Mark M., The Law of Costs (2nd Ed.) (1993 Looseleaf), pp. 2-37 [para. 418]; 2-91, 2-92 [para. 397]; 2-167 [para. 402].

Palmer, Kelly Ross, The Law of Set-Off in Canada (1993), pp. 230, 231 [para. 330].

Waters, Donovan W.M., The Law of Trusts in Canada (2nd Ed. 1984), pp. 987, 988 [para. 337].

Counsel:

R. Nairn Waterman and Clive Elkin, for the plaintiff;

W. Bruce Drake, for the defendants, John Ingle Insurance Group Inc., JIIG Holdings Inc., Ingle Insurance Brokers Inc., HSP Direct Health Insurance Brokers Inc., Insurance Claims Management Systems Inc., John Dwight Ingle, Steven Michael Overgaard and ICMS Canada Inc.;

Sandra Antoniani, for the defendant, M.H.I. Brokers Ltd.

This action was heard on January 17 to 21, 25 to 28, and 31, February 1 to 4, 9 to 11, 14, 16 to 18 and 23, March 1, 27 to 29 and 31, April 3 to 7, 11, 13 , 17, 18, 20, 25 and 26, May 1 to 5, 8 to 11, 15, 16 and 29 to 31 and June 1 to 2, 5 to 7, 12 and 13, 2000, before Stinson, J., of the Ontario Superior Court, who delivered the following judgment on September 6, 2000. Subsequently submissions on costs were heard on October 23 and 24, 2000, with supplementary reasons issued and released on January 9, 2001.

Please note: The following judgment has not been edited.