Economic Evaluations of Workplace Mental Health Interventions: A Critical Review

AuthorJason Finucan,Sarah Nogues
DOIhttp://doi.org/10.1002/cjas.1502
Published date01 December 2018
Date01 December 2018
Economic Evaluations of Workplace Mental
Health Interventions: A Critical Review
Sarah Nogues*
TÉLUQ Université du Québec
Jason Finucan
Stigma Zero
Abstract
A growing body of literature has identif‌ied stigma as a bar-
rier to disclosing illness in the workplace. Given that em-
ployee participation in mental health programs determines
an interventions success, we critically reviewed economic
evaluations of workplace mental health interventions in or-
der to determine how participation rates have been taken
into account. Available economic evaluations point to the
ROI of work-focused treatment and tertiary prevention inter-
ventions; however their external validity remains low since
they are mostly carried out with hypothetical employers.
Given that mental illness stigma and non-disclosure stand
as barriers to taking part in interventions, the onus should
be placed on interventions aimed at reducing stigma at the
organizational level before investing in products targeted
at individuals. Copyright © 2018 ASAC. Published by John
Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Keywords: mental health, stigma, business case, workplace
interventions, return on investment
Résumé
Il devient établi que la stigmatisation constitue une barrière
à la déclaration des maladies mentales en milieu de travail
ainsi quà la recherche daide en la matière. Étant donné
que la participation des employés aux interventions mises
en place à cet effet constitue un facteur clé de réussite, nous
avons effectué une revue critique des évaluations
économiques dinterventions en santé mentale af‌in de déter-
miner la manière dont les taux de participation y sont pris
en compte. Les études disponibles suggèrent que les
employeurs peuvent obtenir un retour sur leur
investissement avec des thérapies ayant une composante
spécialisée sur le travail et des interventions en prévention
de troisième niveau. Toutefois, la validité externe de ces
études demeure faible puisque elles ont été essentiellement
menées à partir demployeurs hypothétiques. Étant donné
que la stigmatisation des maladies mentales et la réticence
des employés à déclarer leur maladie mentale au travail
constituent des barrières à la participation aux interventions
mises en place en entreprise, les chercheurs et les
employeurs gagneraient à sintéresser davantage aux inter-
ventions visant à réduire ces facteurs au niveau
organisationnel avant dinvestir dans des produits visant
exclusivement les individus. Copyright © 2018 ASAC. Pub-
lished by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mots-clés: santé mentale, stigmatisation, analyse
économique, interventions en entreprise, retour sur
investissement
Introduction
In any given year, approximately one in f‌ive Canadians
lives with a mental illness, and two of every nine workers
experience a mental illness likely to affect their work pro-
ductivity (Mental Health Commission of Canada, 2013;
Smetanin et al., 2011). The costs of mental illness to society
and to workplaces have been documented, mostly in terms
of direct costs associated with health care expenditures.
However, indirect costs incurred from lost productivity due
to mental illness are known to be even greater (Putnam &
McKibbin, 2004).
Concerns about mental illness in the workplace are in-
creasing, in Canada and elsewhere (Malachowski &
Kirsch, 2013; Kirsten, 2010; Peters & Brown, 2009). As
a result, some employers have purchased programs aimed
at reducing the incidence of mental illness in their organi-
zations, such as mental health promotion interventions, as
*Please address correspondence to: Sarah Nogues, TÉLUQ, Université du
Québec, 5800 rue St-Denis, bureau 1105, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2S
3L5. Email: sanogues@teluq.ca
Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences
Revue canadienne des sciences de ladministration
35: 551562 (2018)
Published online 21 June 2018 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI: 10.1002/CJAS.1502
Can J Adm Sci
35(4), 551562 (2018)Copyright © 2018 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 551

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