R. v. Boyd, (1989) 89 N.S.R.(2d) 173 (CA)

• Judge: Macdonald, Pace and Chipman, JJ.A.
• Court: Supreme Court of Nova Scotia (Canada)
• Case Date: March 22, 1989
• Jurisdiction: Nova Scotia
• Citations: (1989), 89 N.S.R.(2d) 173 (CA)

R. v. Boyd (1989), 89 N.S.R.(2d) 173 (CA);

    227 A.P.R. 173

MLB headnote and full text

William Ralph Boyd (appellant) v. Her Majesty The Queen (respondent)

(S.C.C. No. 01903)

Indexed As: R. v. Boyd

Nova Scotia Supreme Court

Appeal Division

Macdonald, Pace and Chipman, JJ.A.

March 22, 1989.

Summary:

The accused appealed his conviction for possession of a narcotic contrary to s. 3(2)(a) of the Narcotic Control Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. N-1. The accused submitted that he was subjected to an unreasonable search and seizure contrary to s. 8 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms and that the evidence obtained should be excluded under s. 24(2) of the Charter.

The Nova Scotia Supreme Court, Appeal Division, dismissed the appeal. The court held that the accused failed to prove a denial of his s. 8 Charter rights.

Civil Rights - Topic 1214

Security of the person - Lawful or reasonable search - Searches incidental to arrest - The accused passenger in a motor vehicle stopped by police claimed open liquor found in the vehicle - The accused was issued a summary offence ticket charging him with illegal possession of liquor contrary to s. 76(2) of the Liquor Control Act - The accused was subjected to a pat-down search and marijuana was found - The accused was charged with possession of a narcotic - The accused claimed he was subjected to an unreasonable search and seizure contrary to s. 8 of the Charter and that the evidence obtained should be excluded - The Nova Scotia Court of Appeal stated that the accused's detention constituted a de facto arrest, giving the police the incidental right to search without warrant - The search for additional liquor on the accused's person was reasonable, the search was not intrusive and the accused was still detained respecting the illegal possession of liquor - The court held that the accused failed to prove a denial of his s. 8 Charter rights.

Civil Rights - Topic 1217

Security of the person - Lawful or reasonable search - Unreasonable search and seizure - What constitutes - [See Civil Rights - Topic 1214 above].

Police - Topic 3061

Powers - Arrest - What constitutes - [See Civil Rights - Topic 1214 above].

Police - Topic 3185

Powers - Search - Following arrest - [See Civil Rights - Topic 1214 above].

Cases Noticed:

Southam Inc. v. Hunter, [1984] 2 S.C.R. 145; 55 N.R. 241; 55 A.R. 291; 33 Alta. L.R.(2d) 193; 9 C.R.R. 355; 11 D.L.R.(4th) 641; 2 C.P.R.(3d) 1; [1984] 6 W.W.R. 577; 14 C.C.C.(3d) 97; 41 C.R.(3d) 97, refd to. [para. 8].

R. v. Collins, [1987] 1 S.C.R. 265; 74 N.R. 276; [1987] 3 W.W.R. 699; 56 C.R.(3d) 193; 33 C.C.C.(3d) 1, refd to. [para. 9].

R. v. C.D.D. (1988), 86 N.S.R.(2d) 138; 218 A.P.R. 138, refd to. [para. 10].

Rice v. Connolly, [1966] 2 All E.R. 649, refd to. [para. 11].

R. v. Chromiak, [1980] 1 S.C.R. 471; 29 N.R. 441; 49 C.C.C.(2d) 257, refd to. [para. 12].

R. v. Therens, [1985] 1 S.C.R. 613; 59 N.R. 122; 40 Sask.R. 122; [1985] 4 W.W.R. 286; 45 C.R.(3d) 97; 18 D.L.R.(4th) 655; 32 M.V.R. 153; 18 C.C.C.(3d) 481, refd to. [para. 13].

R. v. Whitfield, [1970] S.C.R. 46; 9 C.R.N.S. 59, refd to. [para. 14].

Bessell v. Wilson (1853), 1 EL. & BL. 489; 118 E.R. 518, refd to. [para. 17].

Leigh v. Cole (1853), 6 Cox C.C. 329, refd to. [para. 18].

Gottschalk v. Hutton (1922), 36 C.C.C. 298 (Alta. C.A.), refd to. [para. 19].

R. v. Rao (1984), 4 O.A.C. 162; 46 O.R.(2d) 80; 12 C.C.C.(3d) 97 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 19].

R. v. Alderton (1985), 7 O.A.C. 121; 17 C.C.C.(3d) 204 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 20].

R. v. Morrison (1987), 20 O.A.C. 230; 35 C.C.C.(3d) 347 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 21].

R. v. Miller (1987), 22 O.A.C. 103; 38 C.C.C.(3d) 252 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 22].

R. v. Lerke (1986), 67 A.R. 390; 49 C.R.(3d) 324 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 23].

U.S. v. Robinson (1973), 414 U.S. 218; 94 S. Ct. 407, refd to. [para. 24].

Statutes Noticed:

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 1982, sect. 8 [para. 7]; sect. 10 [para. 5]; sect. 24(2) [para. 2].

Narcotic Control Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. N-1, sect. 3(2)(a) [para. 1].

Liquor Control Act, R.S.N.S. 1967, c. 169, sect. 76(2) [para. 3]; sect. 124(1) [para. 16]; sect. 126 [para. 10].

Authors and Works Noticed:

Salhany, Arrest, Seizure and Interrogation (1986) [para. 11].

Cohen, Stanley A., Search Incident to Arrest, 63 C.R.(2d) 182 [para. 26].

Counsel:

Del Atwood, for the appellant;

David M. Meadows, for the respondent.

This appeal was heard on January 11, 1989, before Macdonald, Pace and Chipman, JJ.A., of the Nova Scotia Supreme Court, Appeal Division.

On March 22, 1989, Macdonald, J.A., delivered the following judgment for the Court of Appeal.