R. v. Gallant (J.S.),

• Jurisdiction: New Brunswick
• Judge: Rideout, J.
• Neutral Citation: 2006 NBQB 114
• Court: Court of Queen's Bench of New Brunswick (Canada)
• Subject Matter: CIVIL RIGHTS,NARCOTIC CONTROL,POLICE
• Citation: 2006 NBQB 114,(2006), 300 N.B.R.(2d) 289 (TD)
• Date: 03 April 2006

R. v. Gallant (J.S.) (2006), 300 N.B.R.(2d) 289 (TD);

    300 R.N.-B.(2e) 289; 782 A.P.R. 289

MLB headnote and full text

[French language version follows English language version]

[La version française vient à la suite de la version anglaise]

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Temp. Cite: [2006] N.B.R.(2d) TBEd. AP.009

Her Majesty the Queen v. Jeffrey Stephen Gallant

(M/I/0032/05; 2006 NBQB 114)

Indexed As: R. v. Gallant (J.S.)

New Brunswick Court of Queen's Bench

Trial Division

Judicial District of Moncton

Rideout, J.

April 3, 2006.

Summary:

The accused brought a motion for the exclusion of evidence based on Charter violations.

The New Brunswick Court of Queen's Bench, Trial Division, dismissed the motion.

Civil Rights - Topic 1214

Security of the person - Lawful or reason­able search - Searches incidental to arrest or detention - Two plain clothes police officers were patrolling outside a bus terminal - One officer heard the accused say "good spot to smoke a joint" - The officer retrieved his drug-sniffing dog from his vehicle and brought him toward the accused - The dog reacted to the bag that the accused was carrying on his shoulder - The officer told the accused that the dog smelled drugs and the accused advised that he had a small quantity of "pot" - The accused was arrested, advised of his right to counsel and searched - 18.3 grams of marijuana and 890 ecstasy pills were found - The New Brunswick Court of Queen's Bench, Trial Division, held that the dog sniff was not a search within s. 8 of the Charter, the accused was not detained at any time before his arrest, the officers had reasonable and probable grounds to arrest him and the search of the accused after his arrest was a valid search incidental to arrest - Alternatively, the court would have admitted the evidence under s. 24(2) of the Charter.

Civil Rights - Topic 1219

Security of the person - Lawful or reason­able search - Search defined - [See Civil Rights - Topic 1214 ].

Civil Rights - Topic 3604

Detention and imprisonment - Detention - What constitutes detention - [See Civil Rights - Topic 1214 ].

Civil Rights - Topic 8368

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms - Denial of rights - Remedies - Exclusion of evidence - [See Civil Rights - Topic 1214 ].

Narcotic Control - Topic 2002

Search and seizure - General - What con­stitutes - [See Civil Rights - Topic 1214 ].

Narcotic Control - Topic 2061

Search and seizure - Warrantless searches - General - [See Civil Rights - Topic 1214 ].

Police - Topic 3063

Powers - Arrest and detention - Without warrant - Reasonable and probable grounds - [See Civil Rights - Topic 1214 ].

Cases Noticed:

R. v. Dinh (H.T.) et al. (2001), 284 A.R. 304; 2001 ABPC 48, dist. [para. 11].

R. v. Donovan, [1992] N.W.T.R. 75; 1991 CarswellNWT 41 (Terr. Ct.), dist. [para. 11].

R. v. Gosse (R.W.) (2005), 292 N.B.R.(2d) 254; 761 A.P.R. 254 (T.D.), refd to. [para. 11].

R. v. Kang-Brown (G.) (2005), 386 A.R. 48 (Q.B.), refd to. [para. 11].

R. v. McCarthy (T.J.) (2005), 239 N.S.R.(2d) 23; 760 A.P.R. 23 (Prov. Ct.), refd to. [para. 11].

R. v. McLay (S.W.) (2006), 299 N.B.R.(2d) 207; 778 A.P.R. 207; 2006 NBPC 6, refd to. [para. 11].

R. v. Tessling (W.), [2004] 3 S.C.R. 432; 326 N.R. 228; 192 O.A.C. 168, refd to. [para. 18].

R. v. Buhay (M.A.), [2003] 1 S.C.R. 631; 305 N.R. 158; 177 Man.R.(2d) 72; 304 W.A.C. 72; 174 C.C.C.(3d) 97; 2003 SCC 30, dist. [para. 23].

R. v. Wong et al., [1990] 3 S.C.R. 36; 120 N.R. 34; 45 O.A.C. 250; 60 C.C.C.(3d) 460, refd to. [para. 25].

R. v. Simpson (R.) (1993), 60 O.A.C. 327; 12 O.R.(3d) 182 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 43].

R. v. Mann (P.H.), [2004] 3 S.C.R. 59; 324 N.R. 215; 187 Man.R.(2d) 1; 330 W.A.C. 1; 21 C.R.(6th) 1; 2004 SCC 52, refd to. [para. 44].

R. v. Golub (D.J.) (1997), 102 O.A.C. 176; 117 C.C.C.(3d) 193 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 47].

R. v. Caslake (T.L.), [1998] 1 S.C.R. 51; 221 N.R. 281; 123 Man.R.(2d) 208; 159 W.A.C. 208; 121 C.C.C.(3d) 97, refd to. [para. 51].

R. v. Mitchell (C.) (2005), 295 N.B.R.(2d) 251; 766 A.P.R. 251 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 55].

R. v. Hoang (C.L.), [2002] O.T.C. 229 (Sup. Ct.), refd to. [para. 58].

Authors and Works Noticed:

Stuart, Don, Article (2005), 31 C.R.(6th) 255, generally [para. 32, 33].

Counsel:

Sylvie Godin, on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen;

Lisanne O. Maurice, on behalf of the de­fendant.

This motion was heard on March 23 and 24, 2006, by Rideout, J., of the New Bruns­wick Court of Queen's Bench, Trial Divi­sion, Judicial District of Moncton, who delivered the following decision on April 3, 2006.