R. v. K.R.J., (2014) 362 B.C.A.C. 86 (CA)

• Judge: Newbury, Kirkpatrick and Groberman, JJ.A.
• Court: Court of Appeal (British Columbia)
• Case Date: June 04, 2014
• Jurisdiction: British Columbia
• Citations: (2014), 362 B.C.A.C. 86 (CA);2014 BCCA 382

R. v. K.R.J. (2014), 362 B.C.A.C. 86 (CA);

    622 W.A.C. 86

MLB headnote and full text

Temp. Cite: [2014] B.C.A.C. TBEd. OC.020

Regina (respondent) v. K.R.J. (appellant)

(CA041300)

Regina (appellant) v. K.R.J. (respondent)

(CA041418)

(2014 BCCA 382)

Indexed As: R. v. K.R.J.

British Columbia Court of Appeal

Newbury, Kirkpatrick and Groberman, JJ.A.

October 8, 2014.

Summary:

The accused was sentenced to six years' imprisonment for incest and three years consecutive for making child pornography. The sentence was reduced by 286 days for 286 days of pre-sentence custody. The judge also imposed an order under s. 161(1) of the Criminal Code restricting the accused from engaging in activities for seven years. The restrictions were based on paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of s. 161(1) which existed at the time of the offences, and not paragraphs (c) and (d) that were added after the offences were committed. The accused and the Crown both appealed. The accused asserted that the global sentence was too severe and had to be reduced. The Crown asserted that the judge erred in finding that the amendments to s. 161(1) did not apply retrospectively. The Crown agreed that the accused's credit for pre-sentence custody should be increased to 428 days.

The British Columbia Court of Appeal, Groberman, J.A., dissenting in part, allowed the accused's appeal only to the extent of increasing the credit for pre-sentence custody to 428 days. The court allowed the Crown's appeal and imposed the conditions in ss. 161(c) and 161(d) of the Code.

Editor's Note: Certain names in the following case have been initialized or the case otherwise edited to prevent the disclosure of identities where required by a mandatory publication ban imposed under s. 486.4(1) of the Criminal Code and Maritime Law Book's editorial policy or otherwise. The publication ban applied indefinitely unless otherwise ordered.

Civil Rights - Topic 3765

Punishment - General - Variation of punishment after offence - Benefit of lesser punishment - See paragraphs 94 to 101.

Civil Rights - Topic 3766

Punishment - General - Punishment defined - See paragraphs 94 to 101.

Criminal Law - Topic 5602

Punishments (sentence) - General principles - Punishment defined - See paragraphs 94 to 101.

Criminal Law - Topic 5609

Punishments (sentence) - General principles - Right to benefit of lesser punishment - See paragraphs 94 to 101.

Criminal Law - Topic 5804

Sentencing - General - Consecutive sentences - Reduced total term - Totality principle - See paragraphs 27 to 39 and 91.

Criminal Law - Topic 5848.9

Sentencing - Considerations on imposing sentence - Sexual offences against children (incl. child pornography) - See paragraphs 27 to 39 and 91.

Criminal Law - Topic 5863

Sentence - Incest - See paragraphs 27 to 39 and 91.

Criminal Law - Topic 5874

Sentence - Manufacture, distribution or possession of obscene matter (incl. child pornography) - See paragraphs 27 to 39 and 91.

Statutes - Topic 6705

Operation and effect - Commencement, duration and repeal - Retrospective and retroactive enactments - Presumption against retrospectivity or retroactivity rebutted - See paragraphs 91 to 101.

Statutes - Topic 6713

Operation and effect - Commencement, duration and repeal - Retrospective and retroactive enactments - Retrospective or retroactive operation - Public protection - See paragraphs 91 to 101.

Statutes - Topic 6714

Operation and effect - Commencement, duration and repeal - Retrospective and retroactive enactments - Retrospective or retroactive operation - Criminal or penal legislation - See paragraphs 91 to 101.

Cases Noticed:

R. v. Bradbury (E.T.) (2013), 339 B.C.A.C. 169; 578 W.A.C. 169; 2013 BCCA 280, refd to. [para. 3].

R. v. Summers (S.) (2014), 456 N.R. 1; 316 O.A.C. 349; 2014 SCC 26, refd to. [para. 3].

R. v. Li (P.S.) (2009), 267 B.C.A.C. 77; 450 W.A.C. 77; 2009 BCCA 85, refd to. [para. 27].

R. v. Joseph, 2010 BCCA 525, refd to. [para. 28].

R. v. B.C.M. (2008), 259 B.C.A.C. 222; 436 W.A.C. 222; 2008 BCCA 365, refd to. [para. 30].

R. v. B.C.L. (2010), 285 B.C.A.C. 255; 482 W.A.C. 255; 2010 BCCA 183, refd to. [para. 31].

R. v. Allen (W.R.) (2012), 327 B.C.A.C. 236; 556 W.A.C. 236; 2012 BCCA 377, refd to. [para. 33].

R. v. V.N.R. (2014), 349 B.C.A.C. 163; 596 W.A.C. 163; 2014 BCCA 24, refd to. [para. 34].

R. v. R.A.J. (2010), 289 B.C.A.C. 15; 489 W.A.C. 15; 2010 BCCA 304, refd to. [para. 35].

R. v. R.J.G. (2007), 250 B.C.A.C. 47; 416 W.A.C. 47; 2007 BCCA 631, refd to. [para. 35].

R. v. Burnett (J.C.) (1998), 103 B.C.A.C. 256; 169 W.A.C. 256 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 45].

R. v. P.A.M. (2000), 136 B.C.A.C. 157; 222 W.A.C. 157; 2000 BCCA 126, refd to. [para. 45].

R. v. Ubhi (J.S.) (1996), 81 B.C.A.C. 161; 132 W.A.C. 161 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 51].

R. v. Olson (D.T.) (1993), 28 B.C.A.C. 288; 47 W.A.C. 288 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 51].

R. v. Vidulich (1989), 37 B.C.L.R.(2d) 391 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 51].

R. v. Andel (R.A.) (2014), 355 B.C.A.C. 214; 607 W.A.C. 214; 2014 BCCA 179, refd to. [para. 54].

R. v. Dineley (S.) (2012), 436 N.R. 59; 297 O.A.C. 50; 2012 SCC 58, refd to. [para. 59].

Thow v. British Columbia Securities Commission (2009), 266 B.C.A.C. 140; 449 W.A.C. 140; 2009 BCCA 46, refd to. [para. 60].

R. v. Jackpine (R.), [2006] 1 S.C.R. 544; 347 N.R. 201; 210 O.A.C. 200; 2006 SCC 15, refd to. [para. 71].

R. v. Rodgers (D.) - see R. v. Jackpine (R.).

R. v. T.C.F. (2013), 326 N.S.R.(2d) 255; 1033 A.P.R. 255; 2013 NSCA 13, refd to. [para. 75].

Whaling v. Canada (Attorney General) (2014), 455 N.R. 1; 351 B.C.A.C. 43; 599 W.A.C. 43; 2014 SCC 20, refd to. [para. 79].

R. v. S.S.C. (2008), 257 B.C.A.C. 57; 432 W.A.C. 57; 2008 BCCA 262, refd to. [para. 82].

R. v. Mundy (D.B.) (2000), 139 B.C.A.C. 25; 227 W.A.C. 25; 2000 BCCA 265, refd to. [para. 85].

R. v. Jewell (E.T.) and Gramlick (G.) (1995), 83 O.A.C. 81; 100 C.C.C.(3d) 270 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 85].

R. v. M.E., [2012] O.T.C. Uned. 1078; 2012 ONSC 1078, refd to. [para. 85].

R. v. Boudreau, 2012 ONCJ 322, refd to. [para. 85].

R. v. Mehanmal, 2012 ONCJ 681, refd to. [para. 85].

R. v. Tavares, 2013 ONCJ 381, refd to. [para. 85].

R. v. Murrins (D.) (2002), 201 N.S.R.(2d) 288; 629 A.P.R. 288 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 94].

R. v. Cross (J.E.) (2006), 241 N.S.R.(2d) 349; 767 A.P.R. 349; 2006 NSCA 30, refd to. [para. 95].

R. v. D.G.F. (2010), 259 O.A.C. 364; 2010 ONCA 27, refd to. [para. 96].

R. v. Dyck (A.) (2008), 236 O.A.C. 26; 2008 ONCA 309, refd to. [para. 96].

R. v. L.M., [2008] 2 S.C.R. 163; 374 N.R. 351, refd to. [para. 97].

R. v. R.K.A. (2006), 384 A.R. 222; 367 W.A.C. 222; 2006 ABCA 82, refd to. [para. 98].

Statutes Noticed:

Criminal Code, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46, sect. 161(c), sect. 161(d) [para. 93].

Counsel:

L. Ruzicka, for the Crown;

E. Purtzki, for K.R.J.

This appeal was heard at Vancouver, British Columbia, on June 4, 2014, by Newbury, Kirkpatrick and Groberman, JJ.A., of the British Columbia Court of Appeal. The judgment of the court was delivered on October 8, 2014, with the following opinions:

Groberman, J.A., dissenting in part - see paragraphs 1 to 90;

Newbury, J.A. (Kirkpatrick, J.A., concurring) - see paragraphs 91 to 101.