R. v. Kain,

• Judge: Berger,Hawco,Wilkins
• Neutral Citation: 2004 ABCA 127
• Court: Court of Appeal (Alberta)
• Date: 20 October 2003
• Citation: 2004 ABCA 127,(2004), 348 A.R. 159 (CA),348 AR 159,35 Alta LR (4th) 5,185 CCC (3d) 501,[2004] CarswellAlta 475,[2004] AJ No 447 (QL),[2004] A.J. No 447 (QL),348 A.R. 159,(2004), 348 AR 159 (CA)

R. v. Kain (K.) (2004), 348 A.R. 159 (CA);

    321 W.A.C. 159

MLB headnote and full text

Temp. Cite: [2004] A.R. TBEd. MY.002

Her Majesty the Queen (appellant) v. Kevin Kain (respondent)

(0301-0207-A; 2004 ABCA 127)

Indexed As: R. v. Kain (K.)

Alberta Court of Appeal

Berger, J.A., Wilkins and Hawco, JJ.(ad hoc)

April 21, 2004.

Summary:

The accused was convicted of sexual assault. The sentencing judge imposed a conditional sentence of two years less a day with strict conditions. The Crown appealed the sentence.

The Alberta Court of Appeal, Hawco, J.(ad hoc), dissenting, dismissed the appeal.

Criminal Law - Topic 5846.5

Sentencing - Considerations on imposing sentence - Sentence precedents - Starting point principle - The Alberta Court of Appeal stated that "departure from a starting point is not, of itself, a proper foundation for appellate intervention. Sentencing today is a highly individualized function." - See paragraph 40.

Criminal Law - Topic 5932

Sentence - Sexual assault - The accused and the complainant were at a party - The complainant fell asleep or passed out - The accused put her in bed and returned to the party - Subsequently, the complainant awoke to find the accused having sexual intercourse with her - The accused was convicted of sexual assault - The complainant was traumatized - The accused, aged 28, was a divorced father of two children - He was in a common law relationship with a woman who was seven months pregnant - He was employed and had a long, stable work history - The accused showed remorse - The sentencing judge imposed a conditional sentence of two years less a day with strict conditions, including house arrest and a prohibition from contacting the victim - The Alberta Court of Appeal dismissed the Crown's appeal - See paragraphs 1 to 44.

Criminal Law - Topic 6203

Sentencing - Appeals - Variation of sentence - Grounds for varying sentence imposed by trial judge - [See Criminal Law - Topic 5846.5 ].

Cases Noticed:

R. v. Sandercock (1985), 62 A.R. 382; 22 C.C.C.(3d) 79 (C.A.), consd. [paras. 10, 52].

R. v. McDonnell (T.E.), [1997] 1 S.C.R. 948; 210 N.R. 241; 196 A.R. 321; 141 W.A.C. 321, refd to. [paras. 10, 54].

R. v. Keizer (T.E.) (1994), 157 A.R. 257; 77 W.A.C. 257 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 10].

R. v. Berard, [1994] A.J. No. 732 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 10].

R. v. E.W.D. (2002), 312 A.R. 191; 281 W.A.C. 191; 2002 ABCA 129, refd to. [paras. 10, 59].

R. v. Wells (J.W.), [2000] 1 S.C.R. 207; 250 N.R. 364; 250 A.R. 273; 213 W.A.C. 273, refd to. [para. 10].

R. v. Lapointe (N.Q.), [1998] A.R. Uned. 153 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 10].

R. v. G.A.M. (2001), 349 A.R. 89 (Prov. Ct.), refd to. [paras. 10, 60].

R. v. J.S.S., [2001] M.J. No. 396 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 10].

R. v. Killam (M.) (1999), 126 O.A.C. 281; 29 C.R.(5th) 147 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 10].

R. v. White (A.B.) (2000), 144 B.C.A.C. 131; 236 W.A.C. 131 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 10].

R. v. Nikkanen (M.R.) (1999), 125 O.A.C. 353; 140 C.C.C.(3d) 423 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 10].

R. v. Rahime (S.) et al. (2001), 286 A.R. 377; 253 W.A.C. 377 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 17].

R. v. Sand (C.J.) (2002), 317 A.R. 328; 284 W.A.C. 328 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 17].

R. v. North (D.G.) (2002), 303 A.R. 321; 273 W.A.C. 321 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 17].

R. v. H.P.W. (2003), 327 A.R. 170; 296 W.A.C. 170 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 17].

R. v. Point (D.L.) (2003), 348 A.R. 189; 321 W.A.C. 189 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 17].

R. v. Fitzpatrick (R.J.) (1996), 140 Nfld. & P.E.I.R. 355; 438 A.P.R. 355 (P.E.I.C.A.), refd to. [para. 18].

R. v. Bunn (T.A.), [2000] 1 S.C.R. 183; 249 N.R. 296; 142 Man.R.(2d) 256; 212 W.A.C. 256; 140 C.C.C.(3d) 505, refd to. [para. 20].

R. v. Shropshire (M.T.), [1995] 4 S.C.R. 227; 188 N.R. 284; 65 B.C.A.C. 37; 106 W.A.C. 37, refd to. [para. 27].

R. v. C.A.M., [1996] 1 S.C.R. 500; 194 N.R. 321; 73 B.C.A.C. 81; 120 W.A.C. 81, refd to. [para. 27].

R. v. Proulx (J.K.D.), [2000] 1 S.C.R. 61; 249 N.R. 201; 142 Man.R.(2d) 161; 212 W.A.C. 161, refd to. [para. 27].

R. v. Pepin (1990), 98 N.S.R.(2d) 238; 263 A.P.R. 238 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 42].

R. v. Muise (D.R.) (No. 4) (1994), 135 N.S.R.(2d) 81; 386 A.P.R. 81; 94 C.C.C.(3d) 119 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 42].

R. v. McCraw, [1991] 3 S.C.R. 72; 128 N.R. 299; 49 O.A.C. 47, refd to. [para. 57].

R. v. K.L.D. (2002), 315 A.R. 177; 2002 ABPC 89, affd. (2002), 317 A.R. 391; 284 W.A.C. 391; 2002 ABCA 226, refd to. [para. 58].

R. v. Wells (J.W.) (1998), 216 A.R. 61; 175 W.A.C. 61 (C.A.), affd. [2000] 1 S.C.R. 207; 250 N.R. 364; 250 A.R. 273; 213 W.A.C. 273, refd to. [paras. 61, 63].

R. v. Brady (J.R.) (1998), 209 A.R. 321; 160 W.A.C. 321 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 61].

Authors and Works Noticed:

Manson, Allan, The Law of Sentencing (2001), pp. 28 [para. 28]; 68, 72 [para. 32]; 80 [para. 28].

Counsel:

J.B. Hawkes, for the appellant;

K.R. Nowicki, for the respondent.

This appeal was heard on October 20, 2003, by Berger, J.A., Wilkins and Hawco, JJ.(ad hoc), of the Alberta Court of Appeal. On April 21, 2004, the following memorandum of judgment of the Court of Appeal was delivered, and the following opinions were filed:

Berger, J.A. (Wilkins, J.(ad hoc), concurring) - see paragraphs 1 to 44;

Hawco, J.(ad hoc), dissenting - see paragraphs 45 to 66.