R. v. Boutilier (D.J.), (2016) 382 B.C.A.C. 25 (CA)
| Judge | Neilson, Groberman and Fenlon, JJ.A. |
| Court | Court of Appeal (British Columbia) |
| Case Date | September 23, 2015 |
| Jurisdiction | British Columbia |
| Citations | (2016), 382 B.C.A.C. 25 (CA);2016 BCCA 24 |
R. v. Boutilier (D.J.) (2016), 382 B.C.A.C. 25 (CA);
660 W.A.C. 25
MLB headnote and full text
Temp. Cite: [2016] B.C.A.C. TBEd. JA.049
Regina (appellant) v. Donald Joseph Boutilier (respondent)
(CA42891; 2016 BCCA 24)
Indexed As: R. v. Boutilier (D.J.)
British Columbia Court of Appeal
Neilson, Groberman and Fenlon, JJ.A.
January 21, 2016.
Summary:
The Crown applied to have the accused designated a dangerous offender under Part XXIV of the Criminal Code.
The British Columbia Supreme Court, in a decision reported at [2015] B.C.T.C. Uned. 901, declared s. 753(1) in Part XXIV to be constitutionally invalid. The court suspended the declaration for a year, but refused to grant the accused a constitutional exemption, designated him a dangerous offender, and sentenced him to indeterminate incarceration. The Crown filed a notice of appeal of the declaration of constitutional invalidity under s. 759(2) of the Code, which enacted rights of appeal under Part XXIV. The accused applied to quash the Crown's appeal, arguing that s. 759(2) did not provide a statutory right of appeal.
The British Columbia Court of Appeal dismissed the appeal. Neilson, J.A., held that the Crown had a statutory right to appeal the declaration of unconstitutionality granted in the court below under s. 759(2). Groberman, J.A., agreed with Neilson, J.A., that the Crown had a statutory right of appeal under s. 759(2); alternatively, the Crown would nonetheless be entitled to appeal the matter through civil appeal proceedings under the Court of Appeal Act. Fenlon, J.A., concurred with the reasons of Neilson, J.A., and, while not necessarily disagreeing with Groberman, J.A.'s reasons, preferred not to express an opinion thereon, where the analysis was unnecessary for the disposition of the matter, and the issues were not addressed in argument.
Civil Rights - Topic 8411
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms - Criminal proceedings - Appeals - See paragraphs 1 to 52, 55 and 85.
Criminal Law - Topic 4821
Appeals - Indictable offences - Right of appeal - See paragraphs 1 to 52, 55 and 85.
Criminal Law - Topic 4828
Appeals - Indictable offences - Right of appeal - By Crown - See paragraphs 1 to 52, 55 and 85.
Criminal Law - Topic 6515
Dangerous or long-term offenders - Detention - General - Appeals - When available - See paragraphs 1 to 52, 55 and 85.
Words and Phrases
A decision under this part - The British Columbia Court of Appeal discussed the meaning of this phrase as found in s. 759(2) of the Criminal Code, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46 - See paragraph 51.
Words and Phrases
Decision under this part - The British Columbia Court of Appeal discussed the meaning of this phrase as found in s. 759(2) of the Criminal Code, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46 - See paragraph 51.
Cases Noticed:
R. v. Boutilier (D.J.), [2014] B.C.T.C. Uned. 2187; 2014 BCSC 2187, refd to. [para. 7].
R. v. Steele (J.M.) (2014), 463 N.R. 125; 310 Man.R.(2d) 236; 618 W.A.C. 236; 2014 SCC 61, refd to. [para. 14].
R. v. Barnes, [1991] 1 S.C.R. 449; 121 N.R. 267, refd to. [para. 15].
R. v. Laba - see R. v. Johnson et al.
R. v. Johnson et al., [1994] 3 S.C.R. 965; 174 N.R. 321; 76 O.A.C. 241, refd to. [para. 16].
R. v. Keegstra (J.), [1995] 2 S.C.R. 381; 180 N.R. 120; 169 A.R. 50; 97 W.A.C. 50, refd to. [para. 16].
R. v. Mastronardi (K.W.R.) (2015), 375 B.C.A.C. 134; 644 W.A.C. 134; 2015 BCCA 338, refd to. [para. 29].
R. v. Fulton (C.J.) (2006), 289 Sask.R. 98; 382 W.A.C. 98; 2006 SKCA 115, refd to. [para. 29].
R. v. J.J.M. (2006), 297 N.B.R.(2d) 355; 771 A.P.R. 355; 2006 NBCA 39, refd to. [para. 29].
R. v. C.L.S. (1999), 117 O.A.C. 267; 43 O.R.(3d) 143; 133 C.C.C.(3d) 467 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 29].
R. v. Szostak (P.L.) (2014), 314 O.A.C. 89; 306 C.C.C.(3d) 68; 2014 ONCA 15, refd to. [para. 30].
Rizzo & Rizzo Shoes Ltd. (Bankrupt), Re, [1998] 1 S.C.R. 27; 221 N.R. 241; 106 O.A.C. 1, refd to. [para. 32].
Ciarniello v. R. (2006), 215 O.A.C. 29; 81 O.R.(3d) 561; 211 C.C.C.(3d) 540 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 33].
Reference Re Remuneration of Judges of the Provincial Court (P.E.I.), [1997] 3 S.C.R. 3; 217 N.R. 1; 206 A.R. 1; 156 W.A.C. 1; 121 Man.R.(2d) 1; 158 W.A.C. 1; 156 Nfld. & P.E.I.R. 1; 483 A.P.R. 1, refd to. [para. 33].
R. v. Campbell (S.C.) et al. (1995), 169 A.R. 178; 97 W.A.C. 178; 100 C.C.C.(3d) 167 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 35].
R. v. Johnson - see Johnson v. R.
Johnson v. R. (1991), 44 O.A.C. 249; 3 O.R.(3d) 49; 64 C.C.C.(3d) 20 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 42].
R. v. Sears (C.) (2014), 438 Sask.R. 286; 608 W.A.C. 286; 2014 SKCA 72, refd to. [para. 42].
R. v. Black (W.J.) (2011), 515 A.R. 319; 532 W.A.C. 319; 2011 ABCA 349, refd to. [para. 42].
Workers' Compensation Board (N.S.) v. Martin et al., [2003] 2 S.C.R. 504; 310 N.R. 22; 217 N.S.R.(2d) 301; 683 A.P.R. 301; 2003 SCC 54, refd to. [para. 48].
A.G. Canada v. Law Society of British Columbia - see Jabour v. Law Society of British Columbia et al. and Attorney General of Canada et al.; Law Society of British Columbia et al. v. Attorney General of Canada et al. and Attorney General of Ontario et al.
Jabour v. Law Society of British Columbia et al. and Attorney General of Canada et al.; Law Society of British Columbia et al. v. Attorney General of Canada et al. and Attorney General of Ontario et al., [1982] 2 S.C.R. 307; 43 N.R. 451, refd to. [para. 57].
Rodriguez v. British Columbia (Attorney General) et al. (1993), 22 B.C.A.C. 266; 38 W.A.C. 266; 76 B.C.L.R.(2d) 145 (C.A.), affd. [1993] 3 S.C.R. 519; 158 N.R. 1; 34 B.C.A.C. 1; 56 W.A.C. 1, refd to. [para. 57].
Downtown Eastside Sex Workers United Against Violence Society et al. v. Canada (Attorney General) (2010), 294 B.C.A.C. 70; 498 W.A.C. 70; 2010 BCCA 439, affd. [2012] 2 S.C.R. 524; 434 N.R. 257; 325 B.C.A.C. 1; 553 W.A.C. 1; 2012 SCC 45, refd to. [para. 57].
Carter et al. v. Canada (Attorney General) et al. (2013), 345 B.C.A.C. 232; 589 W.A.C. 232; 2013 BCCA 435, revsd. (2015), 468 N.R. 1; 366 B.C.A.C. 1; 629 W.A.C. 1; 2015 SCC 5, refd to. [para. 57].
Director of Civil Forfeiture (B.C.) v. Hells Angels Motorcycle Corp. et al. (2014), 360 B.C.A.C. 170; 617 W.A.C. 170; 2014 BCCA 330, refd to. [para. 60].
Kourtessis et al. v. Minister of National Revenue et al., [1993] 2 S.C.R. 53; 153 N.R. 1; 27 B.C.A.C. 81; 45 W.A.C. 81, refd to. [para. 61].
R. v. White - see Toronto Star Newspapers Ltd. et al. v. Canada et al.
Toronto Star Newspapers Ltd. et al. v. Canada et al. (2008), 437 A.R. 130; 433 W.A.C. 130; 236 C.C.C.(3d) 204; 2008 ABCA 294, affd. in part [2010] 1 S.C.R. 721; 402 N.R. 206; 482 A.R. 66; 490 W.A.C. 66; 263 O.A.C. 4; 2010 SCC 21, refd to. [para. 67].
R. v. Lepage (D.L.) (1997), 103 O.A.C. 241; 119 C.C.C.(3d) 193 (C.A.), affd. [1999] 2 S.C.R. 744; 241 N.R. 142; 122 O.A.C. 184, refd to. [para. 76].
R. v. S.F. - see S.F. v. Canada (Attorney General) et al.
S.F. v. Canada (Attorney General) et al. (2000), 128 O.A.C. 329; 141 C.C.C.(3d) 225 (C.A.), refd to. [para. 77].
R. v. J.C., [2006] O.T.C. 26; 206 C.C.C.(3d) 276 (Sup. Ct.), refd to. [para. 78].
R. v. Lloyd (J.R.) (2014), 356 B.C.A.C. 275; 610 W.A.C. 275; 2014 BCCA 224, refd to. [para. 79].
R. v. Sharkey, 2015 ONSC 1657, refd to. [para. 79].
Canadian Broadcasting Corp. v. Dagenais et al., [1994] 3 S.C.R. 835; 175 N.R. 1; 76 O.A.C. 81, refd to. [para. 83].
Statutes Noticed:
Criminal Code, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46, Part XXIV [para. 1 et seq.]; sect. 759(2) [para. 2 et seq.].
Counsel:
M. Brundrett and R. Garson, for the appellant;
E. Purtzki and G. Botting, for the respondent.
This appeal was heard at Vancouver, B.C., on September 23, 2015, by Neilson, Groberman and Fenlon, JJ.A., of the British Columbia Court of Appeal. The court delivered the following reasons for judgment on January 21, 2016, which were comprised of the following opinions:
Neilson, J.A. - see paragraphs 1 to 52;
Groberman, J.A., concurring - see paragraphs 53 to 84;
Fenlon, J.A., concurring - see paragraphs 85 and 86.
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R. v. Boutilier (D.J.), (2016) 388 B.C.A.C. 264 (CA)
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