Index

• Author: Joseph Rikhof/Robert J Currie
• Pages: 789-832

789

INDEX

9/11 attacks. See World Trade Center

and Pentagon attack s (9/11)

Abduction, 561–67. See also Hostage-

taking; Kid napping

Alvarez case, 563 –64

Charter violat ion, 567

Eichmann case, 563

extrad ition alternative, 560

internat ional human rights v iolation,

561–62, 566–67

internat ional law norm violation,

562– 67

abuse of process ap proach,

564–66

mala captus approach , 563–64,

566– 67

territori al sovereignty violation, 5 61,

566

universally condemned offences,

565– 66

Absolute immun ity. See Personal

immunity

Absolute univers al jurisdiction, 77–79, 82.

See also Univers al jurisdiction

Abuse of process

abduction as, 563, 564 –66, 567

illegal dep ortation, 564– 65

extrad ition and, 553–54

deportation ci rcumventing, 564– 65

jurisdict ion to remedy, 226

search war rants, 577, 578

Acces sion, 33

Accessory a fter the fact, 721

Crimes Against Humanity an d War

Crim es Act, 30 4–6

extended liability, 710

other modes of par ticipation com-

pared, 710T

Accountability

child soldiers, 749–52

domestic tri als enhance, 63

internat ional crimes

heinous crime s, 11, 232

Rome Statute, 4, 232

inter-state policing cooperation,

603–4, 606

universal ly condemned offences, 565

Achille Lauro hijac king, 344n93, 412

Act of state defence, 651

additiona l prosecutions, 685– 86

Eichmann trial, 683 –84

functional i mmunity disting uished,

651–52

Active pers onality. See Nationality

Actus reus

aiding and abet ting, 316, 718–19

comparison t able, 733T

crime again st humanity, 298–300

INTERNATIONAL AND TRANSNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW790

genocide

conspirac y to commit, 741

incitement to commit , 296, 742

joint crimi nal enterprise, 725

money launderin g, 454

perpetr ation of crime, 316, 731

plannin g offence, 716

Ad hoc criminal tribunals. See UN ad hoc

criminal tribunals

Adminis tration of justice, offences

aga ins t, 310

ICC jurisdict ion, 225–26

Admissibi lity of cases before ICC, 235– 43

subject matter ju risdiction, 225–26

Admissibi lity of evidence. See Evidence

admissibility

Admissibi lity to Canada, 318–20

Adoption, doctri ne of, 698–99

Afghanistan, Charter application

Afghan Detainees case, 614, 616–17,

631–32, 636–37

Canadia n forces personnel, 340,

613–14, 616–17

Hape case and, 617, 631–39

Khadr ca ses, 6 37–38

Afghanistan Regulat ions (UN), 431

African courts. See Special cour ts of Africa

Aggres sion, crime of, 185–90, 193. See

also Core crim es

actions constituting, 187

CAH Act, mis sing from, 288, 695n237

crime again st peace, 76, 186

def‌initions, 185, 186– 88, 210

differin g character, 186, 189–90

historica l development, 185–86

ICC jurisdiction , 187–88, 225

immunity cl aims, 643, 652, 657,

675–76, 677

Nuremberg Tribuna l, 186, 195–96, 197

prosecution, 189–90

Tok yo Ch art er, 196 –98

Agreement Concer ning Co-operation in

the Civil Internatio nal Space Station

(ISS), 96, 503

Aiding and abet ting, 718–21

accessory a fter the fact, 721

actus reus, 316, 718 –19

complicity dist inguished, 721–22

co-perpet ration compared, 710T, 733T

extended liab ility, 710, 712, 714

genocide, 305, 720–21

joint enterpri se compared, 727–28,

710T, 733T

mens re a, 720

Mungware re ca se, 31 5

omission, b y, 719

other modes of par ticipation com-

pared, 710T

substantial effect, 718

Air India Inq uiry, 411

Aircraft. See also Airspace

hot pursuit of vess els, 94

jurisdic tion over

drug tra ff‌icking, 446

enforcement juri sdiction, 101,

509 –10

hostage-tak ing incidents, 417

ICC, 226

prescript ive jurisdiction, 64

suppression con ventions, 103

nationality, 64, 509

piracy, 342. See also Piracy

slavery, use for, 351–52

terrorism, 409–12

9/11 attacks. See World Trade

Center and Pentagon att acks

(9/ 11)

Air India bom bings, 411

Hague Convention, 4 09–10

Montreal Convention, 410 –11

suppression con ventions, 411–12

Tokyo Convention, 64, 509

torture on, 330, 338

Airport s, terrorism and, 410–11

Airspace. See also Aircraft

extraordina ry rendition and, 568

jurisdict ion, 64, 101, 226, 510

Akayesu c ase, 111–12, 117, 120, 207

Al-Bashir c ase, 3, 215–16, 670, 672n140.

See also Darf ur situation

Allied Control Cou ncil Order No 10, 6, 7,

710T, 711T

Alvarez case, 563 –64

Am nes ty, 74 8

Amnesty Int ernational, 220n160,

569n186, 597n59, 613–14

Ammuniti on. See Arms and ammun ition

Animus furun di, 342

Antarctic Treaty, 81

Antarctic a, crimes committed in, 81

Index 791

Anti-corr uption activity, 400. See also

Corrupti on

Canadia n legislation, 404– 8

Anti-terror ism. See also Terrorism

Canadia n legislation, 430, 434–38

Anti-Terrorism Act, 430, 43 4

extraordina ry rendition and, 569–70

political of fence exception, 359–60

protective princ iple and, 74

Apartheid, 353–55

crime again st humanity, 145, 354–55

internation al crime, as, 20, 37, 328, 353

customar y international law,

354– 55

jus cogen s norm, 327

Apartheid Convention, 211, 353–55

Canada not sig natory, 355

Arab Convention, 359

Arar, Maher, 568, 603

Arbitrar y imprisonment, 136–37

Arctic region, ju risdiction, 64 –65

Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention A ct, 92

Armed conf‌lic ts. See also Arms and

ammunition ; War crimes

existence, 149

forced servic e for hostile power, 160

forcible transfer or dep ortation, 135–36

humanitarian protections, 146–49

internal conf‌licts, 151–54

self determ ination, wars of, 147, 153,

156

terroris m and, 359

war crime s, nexus, 149–50

international versus internal con-

f‌lict , 151–54

Armed forces. See Military personnel

Armist ice violation, 167

Arms, equ ality of, 572

Arms, lay ing down, 162

Arms an d ammunition. See also Arme d

conf‌lict

expandable, w ar crime, 171

illicit manu facture and trading. See

Arms dealing

provision as ai ding and abetting, 721

SA LW. See Small ar ms and light

we apon s (SA LW)

terrorist ac tivities, 396, 426

Arms dea ling, 396–98, 448

Canadia n legislation, 398– 400

criminalization, 398

internat ional law, 396–98

transnational implications, 378

Ar ms Tr ad e Trea ty (ATT), 3 98

Arrest Warrant case, 99, 270–71, 649,

660n86, 664–65, 667

Arrest wa rrants, 77, 215. See also

Enforcement juri sdiction

European Ar rest Warrant, 99n254,

473, 532n9

fugitives, 5 47

ICC, 215, 24 0–41

immunity ratione personae, 647

Yero dia ca se. See Arrest Warrant case

Artif‌ici al islands, juris diction, 91, 92, 510

Asset free zes, 407–8, 428–430, 444, 448,

450

Asset recover y, 404, 407

Attacks. See al so Armed conf‌lict

civilia n population, against. See Civ il-

ian population , attacks against

crimes aga inst humanity. See Crimes

against humanity

peacekeeping m issions, against, 170,

173, 180–82

protection of person nel, 420–23

pirate attac ks. See Piracy

terrorist at tacks. See Terrorism; World

Trade Center and Pentagon

attacks (9/11)

war crime s. See War cri mes

Attempt to commit cr ime, 121, 742–43

other modes of par ticipation com-

pa red, 711T

Attorney Genera l of Canada

consent to pros ecution

extrater ritorial, 306, 511–13

foreign ships, 90, 92, 93, 94

Crimes Aga inst Humanity Fund,

payments out, 310

extrad ition, initiation, 547, 559

proceeds of cr ime, reciprocal agree-

ments, 456

Australi a, 437, 572

Aut dedere aut judic are, 21–22, 103–4,

370–72, 532. See also Extrad ition

Cold War and, 266

Cybercrime Convention, 470

extradite or pro secute, 103, 370, 403,

531n 6